[{"id":276612,"date":"2026-09-11T05:06:38","date_gmt":"2026-09-11T09:06:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/?p=276612"},"modified":"2026-09-07T20:59:42","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T00:59:42","slug":"late-summer-in-the-anthropocene-a-poem-by-marcus-wicker","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/late-summer-in-the-anthropocene-a-poem-by-marcus-wicker\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cLate Summer in the Anthropocene,\u201d a Poem by Marcus Wicker"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&amp; our hibiscus is on that bullshit again.<br \/>\nYou know the story. She picked us. Date night<\/p>\n<p>at the roadside nursery. The one made entirely<br \/>\nof good vibes &amp; floor-to-ceiling chain link,<\/p>\n<p>so that sometimes, with any luck &amp; clear<br \/>\nskies\u2014when the air quality index glows a pale tangerine\u2014<\/p>\n<p>little golden squares of Kraft Cheese light melt honey<br \/>\nbees, snake plants &amp; hostas; the ordinary ferns<\/p>\n<p>hanging tough; melt me &amp; my love in a gooey, tropical<br \/>\ngladness. Hibiscus Child sang to us from the parking lot:<\/p>\n<p><i>Wouldn\u2019t I look peachy on your withered deck?<br \/>\n<\/i><i>Don\u2019t I deserve ceramic turquoise views<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>&amp; Whole Foods fertilizer? A daily minute of<br \/>\n<\/i><i>attention with a 9-Pattern Garden Hose <\/i><i>Nozzle? <\/i>Middle kid<\/p>\n<p>in a potted triptych, Hibiscus Child can be a bit much.<br \/>\nBut she\u2019s honest. Opens up, then closes, pointedly.<\/p>\n<p>Flaunts her heart\u2019s coral needs with a gaudy<br \/>\naudacity I am famously bad at. Like, <i>Love me, <\/i><i>motherfucker<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>lest we both perish of heatstroke! <\/i>Love, it\u2019s<br \/>\nlate. Summertime &amp; the living is halogen.<\/p>\n<p>But you &amp; me, we are perishing gracefully<br \/>\nas two sentry gardenia bushes flanking a flugelhorn tree<\/p>\n<p>fashioned from rose-gold blooms. Impervious to inclement<br \/>\ngrief, rising seas, &amp; the separatist hurricanes of history.<\/p>\n<p>Drought-resistant &amp; gleaming, the two of us<br \/>\nup early, watering in record heat. Me in my cloud-<\/p>\n<p>colored robe misnaming the flowers,<br \/>\nhoping to see you beam. <i>Good morning, Fernie Sanders.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>Little Pothos Bill. Rise &amp; shine, Morgan Treeman. Little<br \/>\n<\/i><i>Cactus Everdeen. <\/i>Sometimes peril imperils itself. I can see that now.<\/p>\n<p>When the affected acclimate. When the veil between<br \/>\nbackyard garden &amp; the inferno is sheer,<\/p>\n<p>you learn to fix your focus on the roots. Love,<br \/>\nin this erstwhile fire, this halcyon season, we are proof.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">_______________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"276614\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/late-summer-in-the-anthropocene-a-poem-by-marcus-wicker\/dear-mothership-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/dear-mothership.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"600,900\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"dear mothership\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/dear-mothership.jpg\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-276614\" src=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/dear-mothership-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/dear-mothership-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/dear-mothership-40x60.jpg 40w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/dear-mothership-33x50.jpg 33w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/dear-mothership.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>From<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/132\/9780063487697\">Dear Mothership<\/a> <em>by Marcus Wicker. Copyright \u00a9 2026. Available from Ecco, an imprint of HarperCollins Publishers.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>& our hibiscus is on that bullshit again. You know the story. She picked us. Date night at the roadside nursery. The one made entirely of good vibes & floor-to-ceiling chain link, so that sometimes, with any luck & clear<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1934,"featured_media":276636,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6,43074,43077],"tags":[112028,2945,56926,112156,31560,17544,212],"class_list":["post-276612","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-features","category-fictionandpoetry","category-poem","tag-dear-mothership","tag-ecco","tag-harpercollins-publishers","tag-late-summer-in-the-anthropocene","tag-marcus-wicker","tag-poem","tag-poetry","story-type-poem"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5rKFr-19Xu","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/summer.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276612","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1934"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=276612"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276612\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/276636"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=276612"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=276612"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=276612"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":275308,"date":"2026-09-11T04:02:02","date_gmt":"2026-09-11T08:02:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/?p=275308"},"modified":"2026-09-07T21:05:04","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T01:05:04","slug":"the-birthing-tree","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/the-birthing-tree\/","title":{"rendered":"The Birthing Tree"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>February 1968<\/em><\/p>\n<p>On a bone-chilling day in February, over a table of textbooks and potato chips, Susan and I, despite me being only twelve years old, decided we were going to go to college together and studied more than we ever had, with the realities of impending adulthood still a few years away. Susan had become obsessed with the Women\u2019s Liberation Movement and the Royal Commission on the Status of Women, so there was no room in her future for men\u2014\u201cjust yet,\u201d she said. So, in our conversations about the future, I left John out. In my mind, he was there, but around the kitchen table doing homework and when we were at school sitting on the bleachers eating lunch, I didn\u2019t mention him. Susan and I had become friends thanks to her mother, who occasionally stopped by our house after dark to buy tea to help with something Kiju called \u201cwomen\u2019s troubles.\u201d Susan came with her once, just after we\u2019d started elementary school. She was my first friend who wasn\u2019t either from the few small houses around ours or one of the ones who came with their parents in the fall.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou an Indian?\u201d she asked on her first visit to my house, looking around our small home, taking in all the things she would never find in her own home\u2014ash baskets for collecting vegetables from the garden, braids of sweetgrass hung over the door.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHalf, I think.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou think? Don\u2019t you know?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNope.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHow come?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>An adult would never have been so bold, and this is one of the things I still admire in children, their unchecked curiosity.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI don\u2019t have a father.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSure you do. Everyone does.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Susan\u2019s mother lowered her voice and glanced over her shoulder, trying to listen in on the conversation, so I lowered my voice too. \u201cI don\u2019t know who he is,\u201d I whispered, then shrugged.<\/p>\n<p>Susan\u2019s mother turned and walked quickly toward us. She took Susan by the hand and escorted her out the door, thanking Kiju and chastising Susan for asking questions she had no business asking.<\/p>\n<p>If Susan felt that me being Indian and fatherless were reasons not to be friends with me, she never said so. When we started school a few weeks later, she sat beside me, and we quickly became inseparable.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMy grandfather married an Indian woman after my grandmother died. Mom said that he was as happy as a clam.\u201d This, to Susan, meant we shared something. What that was, I was never really sure, but it made us friends.<\/p>\n<p>Susan had long, dark hair and skin darker than mine. \u201cFrom the Greek side of my family,\u201d she told me. In our little part of the world, having dark skin from her Greek family was mysterious and interesting. Indian dark and African dark were a different story altogether, seeming to hold something more sinister.<\/p>\n<p>I still wandered among the pickers, looking for new faces, for anyone who might resemble me, no matter how vaguely. A new family would arrive, maybe fair skinned and freckled, and I would offer to help to hold their baby, to read with a child, to stir the stew. I would ask them about a Maggie, the potential of a long-lost photo. But I never found what I was looking for, and I would love to say that the older I got, the easier it got, but it didn\u2019t. To acknowledge my status as an orphan\u2014and not only an orphan but one with an unknown father\u2014was a ghost that loomed large. The rest of the year it was easy to push my parentage out of my mind, but in October, when everyone gathered, the issue was front and centre. My desire to belong to someone took up all my thoughts and most of my time.<\/p>\n<p>When I got a little older, my mind turned to other things at that time of year. I found myself looking forward to John\u2019s arrival, scanning the cars and trucks as they pulled up, waiting for him. That year, his father and younger brother were there, but he wasn\u2019t. I asked his father why he wasn\u2019t there and he said John\u2019s mother wanted him to stay in school. He\u2019d had a hard year, so she decided to stay home with him. I walked away disappointed.<\/p>\n<p>I was a teenager now, but I was still a child, particularly when it came to my feelings. As I walked back to the house, I let my mind wander, making something out of nothing. By the time I reached the door to the house, I had convinced myself that John didn\u2019t come because he didn\u2019t like me anymore. Maybe I had put too much stock in our letters, in the kiss on the cheek at New Year\u2019s. I felt like a silly girl and moped around the house for the rest of the evening. That night I dreamt of John, and in the morning my feelings were tempered, not gone but a little less intense. Then Kiju got sad and my own emotions, valid or not, took a back seat.<\/p>\n<p>It was a Saturday morning when Kiju came into the kitchen, a pronounced frown on her face.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSomething wrong, Kiju?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI heard another family chose to have their baby in the hospital.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOh.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>She sounded hurt but busied herself setting the table for breakfast. She didn\u2019t cry like the first time, but sighed a heavy sigh, full of loss.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThey\u2019re still there, I guess. They keep the mother and the babies for a week, you know, away from family. Don\u2019t even let the mothers give milk from the breast. I just can\u2019t understand it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s winter,\u201d I said, hoping this weak excuse would soothe her worried heart, even though I knew that babies were born under the tree in winter. Kiju ignored me.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe haven\u2019t had a baby all year, Aliet.\u201d She sat down, the weight of sadness taken out on the thin legs of a very old kitchen chair.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI\u2019m sure there\u2019ll be more babies under the tree.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>She didn\u2019t say anything as I placed a cup of tea on the small table beside her chair. That morning, I cooked us breakfast.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMaybe I should chat with them. Reassure them,\u201d she said as she scooped a spoonful of oatmeal into her mouth.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt might help. Everyone trusts you, Kiju.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI don\u2019t know, Aliet. They are starting to believe those white doctors instead of me. I fear they are starting to see me as a silly old woman trying to hold on to the past. But it\u2019s more than that.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I buttered a piece of toast and waited for her to continue.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ve lost so much, I just can\u2019t imagine this. Bringing our babies into the world in <em>their <\/em>way. Starting them off on their journey in such a cold manner. If we don\u2019t hold on, if they don\u2019t know their stories, how will they go out into the world? Lost, that\u2019s how, disconnected.\u201d She paused to take a breath. \u201cI\u2019ve heard that the mother isn\u2019t even permitted to keep the birth sac. They throw it into a fire. It\u2019s so wrong, Aliet, it just breaks my heart. Those children need to know their roots, need to know that there is always a place where they are loved and welcomed. These doctors are stealing our ways and giving us lost children.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI\u2019m so sorry, Kiju.\u201d I was still unsure how to comfort her, so I offered advice instead. \u201cMaybe you <em>should <\/em>go talk to people, just like you said. Start with the folks who live here and maybe they will talk to their families. Tell them what\u2019s happening. Tell them you are worried.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>She was quiet, considering my words. \u201cMaybe.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>After breakfast, the dishes done, Kiju put on her boots and jacket and headed next door. I followed close behind. We knocked on the door and listened to the murmur of voices on the other side. Mrs. Jeremy opened the door.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWell, look who\u2019s here. Come in, come in.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>We took off our jackets and boots and followed her into the kitchen. Before we had the opportunity to refuse, she had put water on the stove for tea. I remember admiring the telephone that hung on the wall, a modern amenity that Kiju had yet to allow. Mrs. Jeremy set out a plate of store-bought cookies and sat at the table across from us, her cigarette squeezed between her fingers.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhat brings you two to my door on a cold day like this?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Kiju took a breath before starting. \u201cI wanted to talk to you about the birthing tree and our women. Apparently, they are choosing to give birth in hospitals now without even considering the traditional ways.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI know. My own girl gave birth last year in one. She said that they offer pain relief. You don\u2019t have to experience the pain.\u201d She flicked the ash from the tip of her cigarette into the glass ashtray and I winced as some of the smoke made its way toward me.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBut those medicines, they steal your memory. How can you tell your own child their birth story if you can\u2019t remember it yourself? How will they know where they came from, who they came from?\u201d Kiju\u2019s voice was desperate, her face drawn. \u201cAnd you sleep through the most beautiful . . .\u201d She stammered. \u201cAnd the lights, and the noise, so harsh on the ears of a newborn. And they steal the cord, the birth sac.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSuperstition is what they told my girl when I asked to keep them. She tried to explain that it needs to be buried to remind children of their roots. But they made her feel silly, like she was a child, so she let them take it.\u201d She looked sad. Kiju reached over and held her hand. There was no admonishment, no advice, only comfort.<\/p>\n<p>Anita, Mrs. Jeremy\u2019s daughter, who was a few years older than me, walked into the room and nodded to us as she got herself a glass of juice. She listened in on the conversation but didn\u2019t take a seat.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBut we need to move forward, like the white folks. We don\u2019t want to be left behind,\u201d Anita said. \u201cThey already think we are slow and behind the times.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Kiju sat up straighter and let go of Mrs. Jeremy\u2019s hand, her own hands balled into tiny little fists in her lap. \u201cDoes it matter what they think? We can\u2019t always listen to them. Haven\u2019t you seen the damage they\u2019ve already done?\u201d Kiju asked.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBut that was so long ago. Things are better now.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBetter?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYeah, better than before.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe need to hold on to the threads that connect us to our past.<\/p>\n<p>Without knowing our past, we won\u2019t know who we are. That scares me. It should scare you. We can still be bold in this world but keep our own traditions.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Kiju was trying to keep her voice level, but desperation was creeping in.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDidn\u2019t you say before that we should be able to choose?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYes, but when you understand all the facts, all the information. <em>Then <\/em>choose. They are telling people lies, and people are believing them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Anita shrugged as if the conversation was nothing more than gossip between friends.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf folks would sit with me, learn with me. I can help them.\u201d \u201cI dunno,\u201d Anita said. \u201cSeems kinda old-fashioned to me.\u201d \u201cBut . . .\u201d Kiju tried to say more, but she was dispirited, and nothing came out.<\/p>\n<p>Anita left the room as silently as she had entered. Mrs. Jeremy stood to make the tea.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNo, thank you. I think we will move on,\u201d Kiju said.<\/p>\n<p>Mrs. Jeremy poured herself a cup and left the other two cups on the counter, empty, as she followed us out.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf you could maybe talk to your family, let them know that I would be happy to talk about all this, I would be grateful.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI\u2019ll see what I can do, but no promises. These young folks these days have minds of their own.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>We bundled up against the cold and stepped out into winter. I turned toward home, thinking Kiju might have abandoned her mission, but she turned in the other direction. We spent the entire morning talking to the families who lived near us, trying to help them understand the importance of our ways of birthing new generations. But their responses echoed those of Anita, and Kiju wandered home disheartened.<\/p>\n<p>That night, I tried everything I could to comfort her, to reassure her that she was wanted, needed. For hours it was only my voice interrupting the silence. She was so quiet as she knit a new pair of mittens for me, my hands apparently too large now for the ones she\u2019d made the previous year. I made hot chocolate, and it went cold beside her. I buttered toast and sprinkled sugar on it, a special treat, and the toast went soggy and uneaten. It was a little after ten when she spoke.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMaybe they are right and I\u2019m just an old woman holding on too hard to the past.\u201d With that, she stood up, put down the knitting needles and went to bed, without another word.<\/p>\n<p>As the days grew longer, her quiet remained, her words reserved for necessity only. Until one dark afternoon in early March.<\/p>\n<p>Each day after school, I rushed home, checking the mailbox at the end of the driveway and then the little table by the door, waiting on a letter from John, but I was disappointed each time the mailbox was empty and the little table was bare. I had begged Kiju for a telephone but had yet to win that particular battle. Letter writing was all we had, and he seemed to have given up on it, and I was determined that I wouldn\u2019t write until he did. I could be stubborn when I wanted to be.<br \/>\nThat winter, Kiju and I suffered together but separately, content in our misery. It was a particularly nasty day, with heavy snow and strong winds, when I looked up from my homework to see Kiju staring out the window. Her silence concerned me. She didn\u2019t respond when I asked what we were having for supper and if I could help. She simply stared. I wondered if yet another of our women had confessed to using the hospital and not the tender care of my grandmother. I wished they would just stop telling her, but she knew, deep down. Fewer women were coming to us. It was impossible not to notice, but it had happened so fast. Change can creep up on you or it can pounce. This was a leap we were not prepared for.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cKiju?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>She jumped, startled.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSomething is wrong. You are too quiet.\u201d I said it lightly, but my effort to lift her mood fell flat.<\/p>\n<p>Kiju reached over and took a piece of paper off the counter and handed it to me. It was a notice from the town about a council meeting to take place next Tuesday. Under the items to be discussed was \u201cpublic safety and childbirth.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhat does that mean?\u201d I handed it back to her.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSome of the people in town don\u2019t like what we do, and they want us to stop. Not that anyone comes to us anymore. I don\u2019t see why it\u2019s so important now. They are winning the battle for our children. I suppose they want everyone to know they are winning. That once again they have beaten us down.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s none of their business what we do, and the women will come back, Kiju. They\u2019re just confused. They\u2019ll come back.\u201d I hoped she couldn\u2019t hear the doubt in my voice.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI\u2019m not so sure.\u201d Kiju stared into her teacup.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe can go. We can explain to them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI wish I had your faith in people.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ll go, Kiju. They have to listen to you. They all listen to you when they want your herbs and medicines. They\u2019ll listen now.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>*<\/p>\n<p>The night before the town meeting, I couldn\u2019t sleep. When my mother died under the birthing tree, a small group of local people put up a fuss, insisting that we be forced into the sanitized hospitals, a world full of sharp light and loud noises, of antiseptic smells and unfamiliar faces, and the prick of needles to lessen the pain, while white women, dressed in white hats and white dresses, snatched our babies from us the moment they came into the world, and exchanged the nutrients of a mother\u2019s milk for manufactured formula. This was not what we wanted, but the more this small group talked, the more the fear they sought to instill took root.<\/p>\n<p>The previous year a few of these people had even wandered the camp in the evenings, men dressed in suits and women with lipstick on their teeth. Some carried Bibles, some sandwiches, as if we would let our own go hungry. If not a Bible then pamphlets, concern, real or not, in their voices. Our people seemed to be patient if not attentive. They listened about the wonders of modern medicine, the value of a \u201cproper education\u201d and not filling children\u2019s heads with Indian nonsense and superstition. The visitors spoke of the risks of the medicines Kiju made in our kitchen, of the dangers of a mistaken mushroom in a tonic, of the potential of death in the misuse of a berry or leaf. The pamphlets were taken, and maybe even read, but when night fell, they often met the fire. Regardless, something was taking root; Kiju and I could feel it.<\/p>\n<p>Kiju had continued quietly protesting the changes, speaking to any woman who would listen, but the more she pleaded for the children, the more she seemed to drive the families away.<\/p>\n<p>*<\/p>\n<p>We ate dinner early so we could walk into town without being late. Toasted fried egg sandwiches with apples cut into slices. Sweet and salty.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWell, let\u2019s go, I guess,\u201d she said as she threw the reminder notice of that night\u2019s meeting into the fire. We watched the edges curl and burn as the words disappeared into the flames.<\/p>\n<p>As we walked toward town, I considered that going to the meeting might be a fool\u2019s errand. They had already made up their minds, and they weren\u2019t going to listen to us. Kiju said that Indians were never listened to in matters considered important to the rest of society, and that was even more true for Indian women. Susan\u2019s women\u2019s rights movement had yet to make its way to our part of the world, and even if it did, it wouldn\u2019t represent us. The tree still stood, waiting, but no one visited, no one entered the world under her strong branches, her rustling leaves. No one held on to the roots for strength. I hadn\u2019t seen the ground glow red in so long, I was forgetting what it looked like, even when I closed my eyes and concentrated.<\/p>\n<p>The town hall was half-full, mostly women, given the topic. The only men were the mayor, the three members of town council, the priest from the Catholic church, Father Michael, and the reverend from the Baptist church, as well as a man with a balding head and a full moustache, his suit pressed and clean. He looked confident in himself, if completely out of place.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGood evening, Mrs. Paul.\u201d Father Michael took my grandmother\u2019s hand without asking and held on to it while bending slightly to come face to face with her. \u201cYou need to know that we mean no disrespect to you. The women of this town hold you in very high esteem. But we need to move ahead with the rest of the world and take advantage of new methods to ensure the safety of the flock. You understand.\u201d His voice dripped with condescension. Even at my young age I understood that.<\/p>\n<p>Kiju took a deep breath and removed her hand from between his. \u201cI understand,\u201d she said as she walked past him, leaving his hands hanging mid-air.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFather Michael.\u201d I nodded as I followed her to the plastic seats in the second row, facing the town council.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhy do they treat me like I\u2019m an idiot? I\u2019ll wager none of these men have ever witnessed the beauty of birth. And these women\u201d\u2014she cast her hand around in a semicircle\u2014\u201cdon\u2019t even get me started.\u201d Then she placed her hands on her lap and avoided the glances and idle whispers.<\/p>\n<p>I went to the back of the room to collect some snacks. No one approached Kiju or tried to engage me in conversation, despite the fact that almost everyone in the room had known us for years. We all shopped in the same stores, and some had come to Kiju for herbs to calm a cough or stop a crying baby. But on this night, instead of being upset at their avoidance, I was glad for it. We dipped stale cookies in weak tea as we waited for the meeting to start.<\/p>\n<p>The mayor faced the crowd and cleared his throat, waiting for the room to quiet.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGood evening. It\u2019s so nice to see so many concerned citizens.\u201d He stopped to clear his throat again. \u201cAs you know, historically there have been some unwanted practices related to childbirth that have been happening in and around our town. While these practices may have been welcome in the past, we have made wonderful advances in medical treatment that provide a safe and clean environment where women can labour.\u201d He looked around the room, careful to avoid making eye contact with either of us. Kiju sat still and said nothing.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe have a guest with us this evening to better explain the dangers of these practices and the advancements that make labour safer for our womenfolk. Please help me welcome Dr. Vincent Thorn.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I didn\u2019t recognize the man, dressed in his fancy suit, who walked down the centre aisle, took the mayor\u2019s hand and thanked him for the invite.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAs many of you know, the medical field has advanced quite a lot in the last few decades. Giving birth is now safer for both mother and child, as well as being less painful for the mother. There is no longer a need for the . . .\u201d He stopped to consider his words. \u201c. . . more uncivilized ways of having children that could and does endanger both the mother and the child.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>He looked directly at us. Someone must have told him who we were. The room was quiet except for the nervous shuffling of feet.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI think everyone will agree with me that progress is welcome, and the safety of the women and children is paramount.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A few quiet claps.<\/p>\n<p>Kiju stood and the room went as quiet as a tomb. Hands stopped mid-clap, waiting.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI think that you and everyone else here should respect the ways in which women choose to give birth. If a woman chooses a hospital, that is her right, but traditional birth should always be an option. A woman should be able to choose without fear or pressure.\u201d She spoke softly, and everything she said was a matter of fact. \u201cAnd you, a man, think you know what is best for a woman. You who want to deprive her of memory, of the moment she brings life into the world, by knocking her unconscious. It\u2019s cruel, if you ask me.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMa\u2019am\u2014\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPlease let me finish before you carry on with your bullshit.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I choked back a laugh. I don\u2019t think I\u2019d ever heard her swear in all my years on earth. It was a shock, and I was delighted by it.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf a woman chooses to give birth in one of your institutions, that is her right. If she chooses to give birth among nature, where she is held in the earth\u2019s embrace, what gives you the right to tell her she is not allowed? Where do you get your moral authority?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The room was quiet.<br \/>\n\u201cYou have nothing to say?\u201d She looked around the room as people looked at their hands, their feet, the wall\u2014anything except my grandmother. \u201cWell, to me, that says it all. I\u2019m finished now.\u201d Kiju sat back down and placed her hands on her lap.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMrs. Paul.\u201d Father Michael was standing now. \u201cI believe that the doctor has a good point. We just want what is best.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAnd a bunch of men know what\u2019s best for a woman? I hardly think so.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMrs. Paul. I agree with the doctor, and I think most of the women here do as well.\u201d Father Michael looked around the room, half-full of nodding women.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou have corrupted their minds. You have convinced them of something <em>you <\/em>want. Half of these women have been to my door, for teas and medicines.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I looked around the room at the women who wouldn\u2019t look at us. My home economics teacher, the wife of the man who owned the grocery store, and the woman who lived three houses down from ours\u2014they had all been to the house for something to stop headaches, or a tonic to ease a nasty belly, one to end a pregnancy she didn\u2019t want to explain to anyone. Yet they said nothing to defend my grandmother.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou keep your practices and I will keep mine. I just ask that you stop trying to terrify our women into adopting your ways. It\u2019s unfair and it\u2019s wrong.\u201d Kiju reached over and took my hand. \u201cI have nothing else to say. I\u2019ve said my piece.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>We stood and started to walk down the aisle toward the door when a woman younger than my grandmother but much older than me slid her thin body down the narrow row of chairs and stepped out into the aisle, blocking our way to the door. She was tall and bent her back to make sure she would meet Kiju\u2019s eyes.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI didn\u2019t want to say anything, but you of all people should understand. You let your own daughter die.\u201d She whispered it, but just loud enough for the people sitting on the aisle to hear. A hush fell over the room. I swear that every single person was holding their breath.<\/p>\n<p>My grandmother was a kind woman, not prone to fits of anger or violence, so when she brought her arm up, stretched out her fingers and slapped the woman so hard that the sound of it echoed off the walls, it was all I could do not to either run or start to laugh. The woman\u2019s head of auburn curls, so neatly assembled and without a hair out of place, was flung to the side and her cheek, powdered with rouge, was now as red as a sunset. Kiju looked at me, took my hand, and walked around the woman and out into the night air as those inside gasped and moved to help the vile woman.<\/p>\n<p>A three-quarters moon guided our walk home. The wind had settled, and the cool air felt good on my face.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI\u2019m ashamed,\u201d she said quietly.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOf what?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOf my behaviour. I shouldn\u2019t have hit her.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI thought it was great.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>She stopped and turned toward me, her face in shadow. \u201cAliet, violence, whether with words or hands, is always a bad idea.\u201d Yet there was the smallest smile on her face.<\/p>\n<p>She turned and started walking again. \u201cBut boy, did that feel good.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>We both laughed, and I hooked my arm in hers.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI need you to know.\u201d She stopped to catch her breath. \u201cI need you to know that I would never have let your mother die. She was my entire life. I loved her more than the moon loves the stars. Her pregnancy was normal, nothing out of the ordinary. If there was something wrong, I would have taken her to the hospital. It was her heart, a condition she\u2019d had since birth, but we didn\u2019t know, no one knew. I would never let her die.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI know that.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGood, but I had to say it out loud. Throw it out into the universe. Hopefully, she knows.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cShe does.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s not something you ever get over, losing a child. It\u2019s something that never ends, the grief just comes and goes as it pleases. It\u2019s a greedy thing, grief. You have to sit with it, let it do what it does, and then rise up and keep going.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I kicked a rock into the ditch and let her talk. Sometimes, when she got like this, I wasn\u2019t even sure she knew I was around. But as we turned the last corner toward home, her mittened hand took my mittened hand and she started to swing until we both had no choice but to smile.<\/p>\n<p>The house was dark, and the fire had almost gone out. I went out to the woodshed and grabbed a few logs to last us the night while she sliced a few pieces of homemade bread and buttered them, sprinkling cinnamon sugar on them for a treat. The fire restored, she made tea and we talked about the woman\u2019s face and the shock that had quieted the entire audience.<\/p>\n<p>We stayed up late that night, and she told me stories about my mother, stories she\u2019d told so many times I could mouth the words along with her, but I listened, and I pretended to be surprised and saddened at all the right places. How she and Big Ben, back then known only as Ben, had stolen the bicycle of a boy who was mean to her and threw it in the river on the other side of town and how the police brought my mother home. About the time where she jumped rope for 796 consecutive jumps without tripping. About the comfort she provided when my grandfather died, even though she herself was too young to understand.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAnd when she was expecting you, she would sit in that chair by the fire and rub her belly and sing to you. Not the traditional songs, but the new kind of music. She just loved Frank Sinatra. I\u2019m surprised you can\u2019t hear her voice, she sang so much to you.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>That night, I dreamt of the birthing tree. In my dream, the woman with the shape of Kiju\u2019s hand imprinted on her cheek was using a hatchet, slamming it into the trunk over and over again, her neatly coiffed hair loose and knotted. Each time she struck the tree, a woman cried and blood seeped out of the bark. I was running to stop her, but each time I got close, the tree moved farther away. I screamed for her to stop, but she wouldn\u2019t listen. In the sky, black birds shrieked and dove at the woman, but, like me, each time they came close, she moved farther away. We watched as she slammed the hatchet into the trunk, but the tree wouldn\u2019t fall. The leaves shook and the branches swayed, but the tree stood. I woke up to the dull light of dawn, my head aching from clenching my teeth, my eyes and pillow wet from crying. Kiju snored in her room, unaware of the battle I\u2019d fought in my sleep.<\/p>\n<p>I got up and stretched the tension from my body and walked out into the cold. The ground was covered in a thick layer of frost that crunched under my feet as I made my way to the outhouse. The cold wrapped itself around me as I gathered logs to start the fire. Inside was almost as cold as outside; what the house had in charm, it lacked in insulation. I snuck around quietly, lighting the fire in the stove, and set the kettle on to boil. While an indoor toilet wasn\u2019t something she thought we needed, a tap in the kitchen delighted her. It was cold water and we had to boil water for dishes, but it was a welcome addition. I stood and watched the steam start to rise out of the little whistle hole on the kettle, determined to get to it before it whistled and woke her. I was watching so intently that I didn\u2019t hear her come up behind me.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cA watched pot never boils.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I jumped as the kettle whistled and I moved out of her way, letting her begin her day.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s a simple life with me, Aliet. I hope you don\u2019t feel that you are missing out on anything. If your mother were alive, I imagine you would be off on some great adventure.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI have lots of time for adventure,\u201d I replied.<br \/>\nWhen I got to school, I noticed everyone looking at me.<\/p>\n<p>Apparently, word had gotten around about Kiju\u2019s slap. Susan pulled me into an empty classroom just before the bell rang for third period. We only had English together and that wasn\u2019t until the afternoon.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDid Kiju really punch Mrs. Brown?\u201d Her eyes were wide with pure joy. \u201cPlease tell me she did. I wish I could have seen it. That woman never minds her own business.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cShe did. I was so shocked I almost started laughing, but I held it together. She, Mrs. Brown, blamed Kiju for my mother\u2019s death.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Susan\u2019s face went cold. \u201cWhat a bitch.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYup. She deserved it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI guess so.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The bell rang and we went our separate ways, her to the left and me to the right. I was left to wade through the crowded halls, listening to the whispers and catching the odd glance. Some were nasty and some, I swear, held admiration.<\/p>\n<p>A month later, an envelope arrived in the mail. A new bylaw had been passed making any medical procedure illegal unless conducted by a qualified medical practitioner in a proper medical facility. Monetary fines and other penalties would be issued if the illegal activity was discovered. Kiju handed me the notice, and as I read, I turned up my nose as if the message itself reeked of decay. I had just finished when Kiju snapped it out of my hands and threw it into the fire. We never spoke of it again until the night we met Paulina.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center;\">__________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>From <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/132\/9781646223695\">The Birthing Tree<\/a> <em>by Amanda Peters. Used with permission of the publisher, Catapult. Copyright \u00a9 2026.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>February 1968 On a bone-chilling day in February, over a table of textbooks and potato chips, Susan and I, despite me being only twelve years old, decided we were going to go to college together and studied more than we<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":63,"featured_media":275687,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[25508,3,43074,43076,26764],"tags":[91343,111739],"class_list":["post-275308","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-daily-fiction","category-excerpts","category-fictionandpoetry","category-from-the-novel","category-novels","tag-amanda-peters","tag-the-birthing-tree","story-type-daily-fiction"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5rKFr-19Cs","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/the-birthing-tree.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/275308","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/63"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=275308"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/275308\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/275687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=275308"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=275308"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=275308"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":276899,"date":"2026-09-10T15:35:30","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T19:35:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/?p=276899"},"modified":"2026-09-10T15:35:30","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T19:35:30","slug":"121-years-ago-russian-printers-went-on-strike-over-commas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/121-years-ago-russian-printers-went-on-strike-over-commas\/","title":{"rendered":"121 years ago, Russian printers went on strike over commas."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Commas can change meaning (\u201ceats shoots and leaves\u201d versus \u201ceats, shoots and leaves\u201d or \u201cI ate, grandma\u201d versus \u201cI ate grandma\u201d), but over a century ago, commas helped change the Russian government.<\/p>\n<p>In 1905, uprisings broke out all across the Russian Empire as peasants, workers, and soldiers revolted against the repression and violence they lived under. This would eventually lead to the overthrow of the tsarist autocracy and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy.<\/p>\n<p>Among the agitators were the workers at Sytin\u2019s Moscow publishing house. At the time, printers were paid by the letter set, but this didn\u2019t include punctuation. From <a href=\"https:\/\/aeon.co\/essays\/beside-the-point-punctuation-is-dead-long-live-punctuation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cA history of punctuation\u201d<\/a> by Florence Hazrat in Aeon:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">&#8230;in 1905, Moscow printers demanded to be paid for setting not only letters but also punctuation marks, which required the same action and the same amount of time as the alphabet. What is known as the &#8220;Comma Strike&#8221; spread popular boycott throughout the country, leading to the czar ceding Russia its first constitution.<\/p>\n<p>And from a 1950s academic article title <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/43204460?seq=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cThe Strike and The Revolution\u201d<\/a> by Feliks Gross in Il Politico:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">The October uprising of the 1905 revolution was triggered by an economic strike. The printers in a Moscow shop struck, because they were not paid for commas, semi-colons and periods &#8211; in a word, for punctuation. A railroad strike followed. The railroad strike spread and changed into a general and political protest.<\/p>\n<p>The commas that started a revolution. A good, post-Labor Day reminder that all labor, including placing punctuation is consequential.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Commas can change meaning (\u201ceats shoots and leaves\u201d versus \u201ceats, shoots and leaves\u201d or \u201cI ate, grandma\u201d versus \u201cI ate grandma\u201d), but over a century ago, commas helped change the Russian government. In 1905, uprisings broke out all across the<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17056,"featured_media":276901,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[43101,43092,43095,43445,43646],"tags":[35879,576,8121,34489,7637,1735,24970],"class_list":["post-276899","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history","category-newsandculture","category-politics","category-technology","category-the-hub","tag-comma","tag-history","tag-labor","tag-punctuation","tag-revolution","tag-russia","tag-strike"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5rKFr-1a27","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/comma-strike-copy.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276899","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17056"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=276899"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276899\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/276901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=276899"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=276899"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=276899"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":276842,"date":"2026-09-10T10:22:06","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T14:22:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/?p=276842"},"modified":"2026-09-10T10:22:06","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T14:22:06","slug":"on-ed-parks-personal-days-one-of-the-best-comic-novels-of-all-time","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/on-ed-parks-personal-days-one-of-the-best-comic-novels-of-all-time\/","title":{"rendered":"On Ed Park\u2019s <em>Personal Days<\/em>, one of the best comic novels of all time."},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>This is the first installment of an ongoing series recommending books from what I&#8217;ll call the Funny Novel Canon. Think of it as a working syllabus for literary humorists. If there&#8217;s a funny novel you love and think should be included in future installments, email me\u2014nicely please!<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ed Park is a great writer, and his work is always smart and ambitiously challenging in form and structure\u2014see <a href=\"https:\/\/thedizzies.substack.com\/p\/how-hs-keeler-wrote-certain-of-his\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">his love of H.S. Keeler\u2019s \u201cweb-work\u201d<\/a>. His latest book, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/132\/9798217154944\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Three Tenses<\/a><\/em>, a well as his Pulitzer Prize finalist <a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/132\/9780812988321\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Same Bed Different Dreams<\/em><\/a>, are complex without resorting to gimmicks or cheap obfuscation that implies depth. Park is a genuinely creative writer, who continues to challenge himself to try something new.<\/p>\n<p>But Park\u2019s writing is also tremendously funny. (Full disclosure, we wrote <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mcsweeneys.net\/articles\/im-starting-to-realize-im-watching-the-bear-1988-not-the-bear-2022\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a McSweeney\u2019s piece together<\/a> so I\u2019m not exactly unbiased.) Some of Park\u2019s funniest writing is in his collection of short pieces, <a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/132\/9780812998993\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>An Oral History of Atlantis<\/em><\/a><em>,<\/em> but his first novel, <a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/132\/9780812978575\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Personal Days<\/em><\/a>, is one of my favorite comic novels of all time.<\/p>\n<p><em>Personal Days<\/em> follows a group of office workers who spend their days in the Manhattan offices of a mysterious company with murky goals. Nobody seems to work much, though, the employees are consumed by gossip, crushes, and confusion about their coworkers, superiors, and others who lurk in their building.<\/p>\n<p>The plot roughly follows a central mystery about the company, but this book is memorable for being extremely funny\u2014Park is going for jokes. <em>Personal Days<\/em> is full of wordplay, dry observations, and weird specifics, and none of it feels tacked on or forced. Coworkers spin up absurd theories about each other, and this setting\u2014the office as the most fertile breeding ground for speculation\u2014allows Park\u2019s absurdities to bend plausibility without breaking it.<\/p>\n<p>The wordplay is especially well done, which will come as no surprise if you\u2019ve read Park\u2019s work before. His funny turns of phrase and memorable names get a lot of laughs, but they\u2019re working at a deeper level too. The homonyms and mishearing are folded into the plot, which turns at a few instances on wordplay and puns.<\/p>\n<p>Like all funny writers, Park is attentive to form, and uses headers and other formal shifts to get in little jokes and control his pacing. I won\u2019t spoil it, but the book also takes a big turn in the last section using a really fun, formal constraint. It&#8217;s a wonderful combination of sitcom and Oulipo.<\/p>\n<p>What I love most about this novel is that it&#8217;s funny in ways that only writing can be. Too often, humorous novels find comedy by mimicking the things that film and TV do, relying on writing that often feels like transcriptions from the screen. Park takes a different route, relying on jokes and situations that can only happen on the page, which makes <i>Personal Days<\/i> a very special novel.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This is the first installment of an ongoing series recommending books from what I&#8217;ll call the Funny Novel Canon. Think of it as a working syllabus for literary humorists. If there&#8217;s a funny novel you love and think should be<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17056,"featured_media":276848,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[43201,43092,43646],"tags":[7693,112240,4820,105400],"class_list":["post-276842","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-book-news-newsandculture","category-newsandculture","category-the-hub","tag-ed-park","tag-funny-novel-canon","tag-humor","tag-personal-days"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5rKFr-1a1c","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/personal-days-computer.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276842","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17056"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=276842"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276842\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/276848"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=276842"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=276842"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=276842"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":276835,"date":"2026-09-10T06:30:37","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T10:30:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/?p=276835"},"modified":"2026-09-10T09:17:12","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T13:17:12","slug":"lit-hub-daily-september-10-2026","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/lit-hub-daily-september-10-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"Lit Hub Daily: September 10, 2026"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"caption\"> TODAY: In 1886, H.D. is born. <\/span>\n<ul>\n<li>Stef Ferrari <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/nine-novels-that-make-an-art-of-earnestness\/\">recommends incredibly earnest novels<\/a> by Tayari Jones, Rufi Thorpe, Becky Chambers, and more! | Lit Hub <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/category\/readinglists\/\">Reading Lists<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u201cThe collection asks readers to consider what happens when the machinery of occupation turns inward, and what forms of resistance become possible&#8230;\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/heres-the-cover-for-american-occupation-a-powerful-document-of-minnesotas-resistance-to-ice\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Check out the cover for <em>American Occupation<\/em><\/a>, a forthcoming document of Minnesota\u2019s resistance to ICE. | Lit Hub<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/my-partner-refuses-to-read-or-even-talk-about-books-should-we-break-up\/\">If your partner hates reading, should you dump them?<\/a> Kristen Arnett dishes out some literary hot takes. | Lit Hub <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/category\/craftandcriticism\/craft-and-advice\/\">Advice<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Jill Lepore explores <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/neither-bone-nor-stone-why-the-us-constitution-was-meant-to-be-amended\/\">why the US constitution was designed to be amended<\/a>, from her Cundill Prize-shortlisted book, <em>We the People<\/em>. | Lit Hub <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/category\/newsandculture\/history\/\">History<\/a><\/li>\n<li>&#8220;He writes in a sort of thespian-bro argot, spiking locker-room jokes with rococo word choices like a frat-house Faulkner.&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/bookmarks.reviews\/5-reviews-you-need-to-read-this-week-9-10-2026\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/bookmarks.reviews\/5-reviews-you-need-to-read-this-week-9-10-2026\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1789067859081000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1PO5u4TuIac32R92Wk7UA1\">5 book reviews you need to read this week<\/a>. | <a href=\"http:\/\/bookmarks.reviews\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=http:\/\/bookmarks.reviews&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1789067859081000&amp;usg=AOvVaw2wAEwNPBrCI1t2GhHFyGJG\">Book Marks<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Here are this week\u2019s Independent Press Top 40 Bestsellers for <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/the-independent-press-top-40-bestsellers-fiction-34\">fiction<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/the-independent-press-top-40-bestsellers-nonfiction-34\">nonfiction<\/a>. | Lit Hub <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/category\/newsandculture\/bookstores-and-libraries\/\">Bookstores<\/a><\/li>\n<li>How observation deepened the relationship <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/how-i-learned-to-love-my-dog-by-observing-his-behavior\/\">between Anna Heyward and her dog<\/a>. | Lit Hub <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/category\/newsandculture\/memoir\/\">Memoir<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/beauty-in-ambiguity-on-marian-andersons-lifelong-love-for-schubert\/\">Why Marian Anderson loved Schubert<\/a>: &#8220;Was hearing Roland Hayes and, in time, other inspiring artists sing Schubert, Brahms, and Schumann songs like being beckoned by a musical brook to trust her instincts and follow its unlikely path?&#8221; | Lit Hub <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/category\/newsandculture\/music\/\">Music<\/a><\/li>\n<li>&#8220;They say we\u2019re a town full of losers. They say we\u2019re eccentric, eclectic\u2014marginal. Maybe I\u2019m exaggerating.&#8221; Read from <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/we-never-called-it-frisco\/\">Jed Perl&#8217;s new novel, <em>We Never Called It Frisco<\/em><\/a>. | Lit Hub <a href=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/category\/fictionandpoetry\/from-the-novel\/\">Fiction<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u201cGenocide is not just the destruction of a people, it is also the obliteration of that people\u2019s store of memories and, with it, the destruction of their ability to see themselves historically.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.equator.org\/articles\/dusklands-coetzee\">J.M. Coetzee and F.M. Siccardi reflect on growing up in the shadow of colonial genocide, in South Africa and Argentina, respectively<\/a>. | Equator<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/yalereview.org\/article\/lucy-sante-famous-writers-school\">Lucy Sante\u2019s encounters with famous writers<\/a>, from the \u201chighly esteemed but not famous in the usual way\u201d to the reclusive, in large headphones. | The Yale Review<\/li>\n<li>\u201cHow distressing \u2014 even traumatic \u2014 should war reportage be?\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thedial.world\/articles\/news\/war-correspondent-memoirs\">Nick Holdstock on Ukraine and reporting on war<\/a>. | The Dial<\/li>\n<li>Joe Sacco discusses <a href=\"https:\/\/jacobin.com\/2026\/09\/sacco-hedges-comics-journalism-gaza-genocide\">Gaza, comics journalism, and hanging out with ordinary people<\/a>. | Jacobin<\/li>\n<li>Warren Bernard, executive director of the Small Press Expo, talks to Jason Bergman about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tcj.com\/ive-got-three-divisions-at-the-library-of-congress-that-cant-wait-for-me-to-die-a-journey-into-warren-bernards-comics-wonderland\/\">small press publishing, future contributions to the Library of Congress, and collecting basically everything<\/a>. | The Comics Journal<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/history\/how-did-the-nation-get-its-name-other-suggestions-included-the-united-colonies-columbia-and-the-united-states-of-alleghania-180989435\/\">What if America was called the \u201cUnited States of the Earth\u201d?<\/a> Greg Daugherty explores how a country got its name. | Smithsonian Magazine<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Stef Ferrari recommends incredibly earnest novels by Tayari Jones, Rufi Thorpe, Becky Chambers, and more! | Lit Hub Reading Lists \u201cThe collection asks readers to consider what happens when the machinery of occupation turns inward, and what forms of resistance<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":276843,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[45236],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-276835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lit-hub-daily"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5rKFr-1a15","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/hdlhd.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276835","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=276835"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276835\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/276843"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=276835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=276835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=276835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":276786,"date":"2026-09-10T05:10:56","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:10:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/?p=276786"},"modified":"2026-09-10T06:02:11","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T10:02:11","slug":"my-partner-refuses-to-read-or-even-talk-about-books-should-we-break-up","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/my-partner-refuses-to-read-or-even-talk-about-books-should-we-break-up\/","title":{"rendered":"My Partner Refuses to Read or Even TALK About Books? Should We Break Up?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hello, hello, hello!<\/p>\n<p>Welcome back to another star-studded installment of everyone\u2019s favorite alcohol-soaked advice column, <em>Am I the Literary Asshole?<\/em> It\u2019s truly the gift that keeps on giving (and giving, and giving, and giving). I\u2019m your host, Kristen Arnett, and since we\u2019re coming in hot off the holiday weekend, why not keep the good vibes flowing? Turn that frown upside down and turn that three-day weekend into a full week of fun.<\/p>\n<p>And nothing says fun quite like a spicy margarita, am I right? Little bit of lime, little bit of salt\u2014it\u2019s basically a health drink, chock full of essential vitamins and electrolytes.<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ll pour us a couple and we\u2019ll jump right on over to our first caller of the day:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1) How do I know I\u2019m on the right track with my writing? I mean, are the things I\u2019m writing worth publishing? How do I silence those inner voices?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Oh wow! Thank goodness for this margarita. This is a very large question for such a small and humble (and drunk and comedic) literary advice column.<\/p>\n<p>There are many ways to answer this, of course. The \u201cright track\u201d can mean any number of things. It\u2019s all according to what exactly you\u2019re looking to get out of your writing. You\u2019ve provided two additional questions as a form of follow up: how do you know the writing is worth publishing and how do you silence your inner critic? And while both of those are valuable things to consider, it\u2019s important to note that these three things don\u2019t always have to sit together.<\/p>\n<p>Knowing that you\u2019re \u201con the right track\u201d with your writing could mean that you\u2019re making art that feels exciting and fresh. It might mean building on the writing you\u2019ve already done, honing your craft. It\u2019s even possible that it could be directly related to how you feel about yourself as a writer and as a creator. When applied to the secondary, is it \u201cworth publishing,\u201d I have to admit that\u2019s a lot harder to answer. It\u2019s thinking less about your own personal viewpoint with regard to what you make, and instead looks outward, requiring an understanding of how other people might view your work. It also assumes an idea about value that\u2019s intrinsically pointed toward worth with regard to consumption.<\/p>\n<p>See what I mean? We need another margarita (or three).<\/p>\n<p>All this is to say that there\u2019s no way for me to know, personally, whether you\u2019re on the right track. I especially can\u2019t answer if your work is commercially viable re: publication! But what I <i>can<\/i> say is that we are without a doubt our own harshest critics. The way to silence your mean inner faultfinder is to spend time making work that you care about. There\u2019s always going to be that voice that tells us that we\u2019re doing things wrong, or that the work could be better. But at the end of the day? If we\u2019re writing the things that bring us pleasure, then that\u2019s all that really matters.<\/p>\n<p>Does that mean that the work will inevitably get published? I can\u2019t answer that. But what I can tell you is that you\u2019ll care a lot less about that aspect of this trifecta if you feel a solid sense of confidence in what you\u2019re actually making. We can\u2019t control a lot of things when it comes to the literary world\u2014especially how other people perceive our art, and how they might choose to engage with it\u2014but we can control how we manage our own feelings.<\/p>\n<p>If you love what you\u2019re doing, and you feel that you can see yourself continuing onward and upward? Friend, you\u2019re on the right path. Trust yourself.<\/p>\n<p>The thing about a margarita is that they always taste better after a second round. Let\u2019s cheers to that and take a look at our next question:<\/p>\n<p><strong>2) Hi Dad!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>My issue isn\u2019t necessarily me being an a**hole, but possibly someone else in my life being one?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>I\u2019ve been with my partner for almost eight years. We are highly compatible in every way, except for the fact that they don\u2019t read. By that I mean that they don\u2019t like to read *for fun*. They just don\u2019t like it very much. At all. A big part of my life is reading. It\u2019s important to me. Whenever I try to talk with them about anything having to do with books, they tune out or just change the subject. They claim it\u2019s boring. We can talk about anything else, but on this one topic it\u2019s a no-go. I hate it, because I love them, and I really want to talk about it with them!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Oh yikes! This is a tricky one.<\/p>\n<p>Mostly it\u2019s tricky because if they told you they didn\u2019t like reading back when you first started dating, then you already knew they weren\u2019t ever gonna be someone who\u2019d share this (important) part of your life. Does that suck? For sure! But they never hid this from you. It\u2019s not a surprise.<\/p>\n<p>If they don\u2019t like reading, they don\u2019t like reading. That\u2019s the long and the short of it.<\/p>\n<p>I mean, you could always try out talking about different kinds of books. Different genres, maybe, or even different formats\u2014it\u2019s completely possible they might be someone who likes listening to audiobooks. Maybe they\u2019ll be up for talking about a book that\u2019s also been adapted into a TV show or a feature film.<\/p>\n<p>But it\u2019s also completely possible they\u2019ll never be someone who wants to talk to you about books. And if you wanna stay with them, you\u2019ll have to learn to deal with that.<\/p>\n<p>Getting into a relationship with someone and expecting them to change who they are isn\u2019t reasonable or rational. If you\u2019ve got other things you share and you enjoy talking about all of that with them, that\u2019s wonderful. I say focus on that stuff and share your love of reading with the other people in your life.<\/p>\n<p>But if you\u2019re looking to have a romantic partner that shares this particular interest with you? It\u2019s totally possible you\u2019ll need to swan dive right back into the dating pool in order to find it.<\/p>\n<p>Answering relationship questions! Shocking. Okay, time for our last question and our last margarita (and boy, do I need it):<\/p>\n<p><strong>3) My agent recently gave me feedback on my current WIP. Most of the advice is practical and helpful, but there is one thing she said that I\u2019m not sure about: she doesn\u2019t like my main character. Now, she doesn\u2019t come right out and say they\u2019re unlikable, but she did mention that readers would have a hard time relating to this character and their choices. Is this really something I need to focus on in order to sell my book?\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This is yet another question that will genuinely take some puzzling out!<\/p>\n<p>I don\u2019t know your agent, I don\u2019t know you, and I don\u2019t know your work. This means I\u2019m pretty limited in terms of what kind of advice I can hand out here.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019ve been with your agent for a while, then I\u2019m going to assume that you have a good working relationship. That means you trust what your agent tells you with regard to your body of work. They should have an innate understanding when it comes to how you write and what matters to you. If you feel like they\u2019re an overall good fit (and from your letter, it seems as though you usually do feel that way), then you have to go in with an assumption that they have your best interests at heart.<\/p>\n<p>Did your agent <i>actually<\/i> say that they didn\u2019t like your main character? Or are they pointing out places in the text where you might need to sit and puzzle out character motivations? It\u2019s possible there\u2019s a lack of clarity when it comes to how this character is sitting on the page and inside of scenes. It\u2019s completely possible they\u2019re trying to help you address these issues; not trying to hate on the actual character. It\u2019s very likely that there\u2019s something missing.<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019d follow up with them and ask for more clarity on this particular point. That\u2019s part of why we have agents, right? Having all those hard conversations that inevitably make our work better. Like with most things in life, communication is key. I think once you talk this through, you\u2019ll get to the root of what\u2019s actually been said. And then you\u2019ll have a better understanding about how to proceed with your relationship AND your edits.<\/p>\n<p>Good luck out there.<\/p>\n<p>And good luck to all of you! Because guess what? That\u2019s all the time we have for today! Join me next time when I answer more of your questions (please send <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/d\/1jHmmgpPyWwy1D_ZUmaW6Z0IvWZKOLdLIU01Sa_EzZGY\/edit\">them right on over<\/a>) and also hopefully have a drink with a little less sodium (went heavy on the rim, yowza).<\/p>\n<p><em>Salty,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Dad<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">__________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Are you worried you\u2019re the literary asshole? Ask Kristen via email at <a href=\"mailto:AskKristen@lithub.com\">AskKristen@lithub.com<\/a>, or <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/d\/1jHmmgpPyWwy1D_ZUmaW6Z0IvWZKOLdLIU01Sa_EzZGY\/edit\">anonymously here.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/d\/1jHmmgpPyWwy1D_ZUmaW6Z0IvWZKOLdLIU01Sa_EzZGY\/edit\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"232342\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/am-i-the-literary-asshle-judging-your-bad-bookish-behavior\/am-l-the-literary-asshole-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AM-l-THE-LITERARY-ASSHOLE.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"548,546\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Jonny Diamond&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;AM l THE LITERARY ASSHOLE? - 1&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"AM l THE LITERARY ASSHOLE? &amp;#8211; 1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AM-l-THE-LITERARY-ASSHOLE.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-232342\" src=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AM-l-THE-LITERARY-ASSHOLE.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"165\" height=\"164\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AM-l-THE-LITERARY-ASSHOLE.jpg 548w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AM-l-THE-LITERARY-ASSHOLE-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AM-l-THE-LITERARY-ASSHOLE-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AM-l-THE-LITERARY-ASSHOLE-60x60.jpg 60w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AM-l-THE-LITERARY-ASSHOLE-109x109.jpg 109w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AM-l-THE-LITERARY-ASSHOLE-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/AM-l-THE-LITERARY-ASSHOLE-50x50.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 165px) 100vw, 165px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hello, hello, hello! Welcome back to another star-studded installment of everyone\u2019s favorite alcohol-soaked advice column, Am I the Literary Asshole? It\u2019s truly the gift that keeps on giving (and giving, and giving, and giving). I\u2019m your host, Kristen Arnett, and<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1764,"featured_media":276867,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[43071,43069,6,43070],"tags":[5602,7758,92580,61184,28771,4026,168,9636,96363,1341],"class_list":["post-276786","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-craft-and-advice","category-craftandcriticism","category-features","category-literary-criticism","tag-advice","tag-agents","tag-am-i-the-literary-asshole","tag-feedback","tag-kristen-arnett","tag-publishing","tag-reading","tag-relationships","tag-unlikable-characters","tag-writing"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5rKFr-1a0i","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/drake-hates-books.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276786","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1764"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=276786"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276786\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/276867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=276786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=276786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=276786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":276809,"date":"2026-09-10T05:09:09","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:09:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/?p=276809"},"modified":"2026-09-10T06:33:28","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T10:33:28","slug":"5-book-reviews-you-need-to-read-this-week-9-10-2026","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/5-book-reviews-you-need-to-read-this-week-9-10-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"5 Book Reviews You Need to Read This Week"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Our mixum-gatherum of magnificent reviews this week includes Emma Alpern on Emma Cline\u2019s\u00a0<em>Switzy<\/em>, T.M. Brown on Danny McBride\u2019s <em>Thrilling Tales of Modern Men<\/em>, Sara Collins on Sebastian Barry\u2019s\u00a0<em>The Newer World<\/em>, Joy Williams on Lance Richardson\u2019s\u00a0<em>True Nature<\/em>, and Tembe Denton-Hurst on Marlon James\u2019s <em>The Disappearers<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Brought to you by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/bookmarks.reviews\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Book Marks<\/a>, Lit Hub\u2019s home for book reviews.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/40\/9780593595244\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-136929 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/e8b00ffc7979b73630caf92e5b645bc1-199x300.gif\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 199px) 100vw, 199px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/e8b00ffc7979b73630caf92e5b645bc1-199x300.gif 199w, https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/e8b00ffc7979b73630caf92e5b645bc1-33x50.gif 33w, https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/e8b00ffc7979b73630caf92e5b645bc1.gif 430w\" alt=\"Switzy Cover\" width=\"199\" height=\"300\" data-attachment-id=\"136929\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bookmarks.reviews\/bookmark\/switzy\/switzy-cover\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/e8b00ffc7979b73630caf92e5b645bc1.gif\" data-orig-size=\"430,648\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Switzy Cover\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/e8b00ffc7979b73630caf92e5b645bc1.gif\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u201c<em>Switzy<\/em>\u00a0is Cline\u2019s big swing, already longlisted for the Booker Prize. At times, it\u2019s sentimental, unfolding with a sense of its own importance. It\u2019s also odder and more buoyant than you might think with a narrative voice pieced together from David\u2019s Alzheimer\u2019s-inflected thoughts. When he\u2019s tired, they mumble and loop. Song lyrics, phrases, and stray words bob in and out like visitors stopping by for a last laugh or scare.<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>As in this year\u2019s other notable book about dementia, Ben Lerner\u2019s\u00a0<em>Transcription,<\/em>\u00a0the fritzing out of David\u2019s memory seems primarily like a language disorder. There are puns, misreadings, nicknames given to people whose names he can\u2019t remember or prefers not to. (The liaison, Anna Gould, becomes Ghoul; a black-car driver is called Meatball.) There are snippets from\u00a0<em>Moby-Dick<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>The Sound of Music,<\/em>\u00a0a nauseous memory of the Stanley Steemer man who used to soak David\u2019s carpets with a toxic cleaning agent that squelched around his bare feet (\u2018Suck, suck, suck\u2019). The result can read like a puzzle, but it\u2019s rarely clever or cutesy. Instead, Cline\u2026is implying that this is just what a mind does when it\u2019s thrown into isolation: a soothing sort of wordplay with the materials it has at hand, all of a person\u2019s lexical rubble shifting around one final time.<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIn\u00a0<em>Switzy,<\/em>\u00a0Cline\u2019s tendency to let her plots roam around a flat surface rather than run up hills works in her favor. \u2018I find myself really resisting a neat narrative arc,\u2019 she said in a\u00a0<em>Paris Review<\/em>\u00a0interview in 2020. \u2018I think the best you can hope for is resonance, or a slow circling-around of a moment or an emotion. It\u2019s so much more ambient and diffuse, and a lot less concrete.\u2019 Her books have lurid central set pieces\u2014<em>The Girls<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>The Guest,<\/em>\u00a0respectively, are about a fictionalized version of the Manson Family and a scammer vamping her way through the Hamptons\u2014but Cline often lets the action go slack, making her a strangely withholding, even dour, literary-thriller writer. In\u00a0<em>Switzy,\u00a0<\/em>about a person realizing, with shame, how little human contact he\u2019s actually had, that approach finally coheres. She\u2019s a stronger writer on the sentence level here, and most important, she has found a character who rewards her impulse to write in loops.<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>Every now and then, the novel expands to a bigger view of things. David is not alone in losing his mind in the internet era: \u2018Now there were a million mental jaunts available to you in every moment, consciousness in a constant state of fracture.\u2019 Maybe, he thinks, that\u2019s why no one noticed when he started to drift away. But unlike\u00a0<em>Transcription<\/em>\u00a0or George Saunders\u2019s\u00a0<em>Vigil,\u00a0<\/em>the year\u2019s other novel about a rich old man on his way to the underworld, this book doesn\u2019t try to diagnose our collective ills. What\u2019s left is something smaller, more tense and tender: an old song, Cody\u2019s watchful presence, one last wag of the eyebrows.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u2013Emma Alpern on Emma Cline\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/40\/9780593595244\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>Switzy<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vulture.com\/article\/emma-cline-switzy-book-review.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Vulture<\/em><\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/40\/9780593594759\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-136985 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/Thrilling-Tales-of-Modern-Men-200x300.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/Thrilling-Tales-of-Modern-Men-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/Thrilling-Tales-of-Modern-Men-33x50.jpg 33w, https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/Thrilling-Tales-of-Modern-Men.jpg 300w\" alt=\"Thrilling Tales of Modern Men\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" data-attachment-id=\"136985\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bookmarks.reviews\/?attachment_id=136985\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/Thrilling-Tales-of-Modern-Men.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"300,450\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Thrilling Tales of Modern Men\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/Thrilling-Tales-of-Modern-Men.jpg\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u201cMcBride\u2019s stories aren\u2019t misandrist per se, but they do poke fun at male woes, in a way that is neither flippant nor overly serious. \u2018The Institute of Men,\u2019 a fable-like story and a standout in the book, is told from the perspective of Mitchie, a balding forty-two-year-old who undergoes an experimental treatment to get his hair and swagger back. The process is marked by varying affronts, but Mitchie presses on, basking in the compliments of co-workers and the attention of a love interest, until it all goes terribly wrong. Like much of the collection, \u2018Institute\u2019 is an \u2018if only\u2019 story, in which the protagonist nurses a fatal flaw that prevents him from being fulfilled\u2014if only I were braver (\u2018The Book Burner\u2019), if only I were younger (\u2018Dad\u2019s Way\u2019), if only I wasn\u2019t losing my hair (\u2018Institute\u2019). One is briefly reminded of Ernest Hemingway\u2019s 1927 short story collection,\u00a0<em>Men Without Women<\/em>, which springs from a single prompt: If only there were no women.<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u201cA strain of envy, in particular, runs through\u00a0<em>Thrilling Tales<\/em>. In an interview in June, McBride told the\u00a0<em>Times\u2019<\/em>\u00a0David Marchese that jealousy is \u2018one of those flaws that says so much about someone because it shows what\u2019s important to them and how they look at themselves and feel like they\u2019re not complete.\u2019 The darker corners of the internet are all too eager to offer men a compelling list of reasons for why their lives are unfulfilling, as well as an echo chamber full of the similarly aggrieved. McBride, like all good satirists, cranks up the volume of those resentments and insecurities, in the process revealing a new way to see the world.<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMcBride was born in south Georgia before eventually moving to Virginia as a child, and many of his stories are set between those two points of the American coastal South. He writes in a sort of thespian-bro argot, spiking locker-room jokes with rococo word choices like a frat-house Faulkner. When Greg explains his plans to become a professional magician to his friends while they\u2019re cruising the marsh in a fishing boat, he gets irritated by a suggestion that he\u2019d be an article of cheap entertainment for children. \u2018No, I won\u2019t be doing kids\u2019 fucking birthday parties. Jesus. I\u2019m doing real magician stuff. Things of spectacle and scope,\u2019 he says.<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMcBride\u2019s work as an author and actor injects something refreshing into the discussion. Instead of reinforcing the implicit misogyny of masculine self-pity\u2014men\u2019s plight is someone\u2019s fault, and women are a natural antagonist\u2014he encourages guys to loosen up a bit and even laugh at themselves. He doesn\u2019t think that position is at odds with a modern notion of masculinity; nor is he unsympathetic to listless guys who may be struggling to make sense of their place in the world . . . Books like McBride\u2019s\u00a0<em>Thrilling Tales<\/em>, then, might be a solution to the seemingly eternal masculine struggle\u2014or at least a more likely one than endlessly handwringing over men\u2019s troubles in this country, whether writing in magazines or speaking on panels.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u2013T.M. Brown on Danny McBride\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/40\/9780593594759\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>Thrilling Tales of Modern Men<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/books\/page-turner\/danny-mcbrides-solution-to-the-masculinity-crisis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>The New Yorker<\/em><\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/40\/9780593654613\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-136972 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/The-Newer-World-199x300.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 199px) 100vw, 199px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/The-Newer-World-199x300.jpg 199w, https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/The-Newer-World-33x50.jpg 33w, https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/The-Newer-World.jpg 298w\" alt=\"\" width=\"199\" height=\"300\" data-attachment-id=\"136972\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bookmarks.reviews\/?attachment_id=136972\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/The-Newer-World.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"298,450\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"The Newer World\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/09\/The-Newer-World.jpg\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u2018But is not the story as good as the truth?\u2019 asks Tennyson Bouguereau, the narrator of Sebastian Barry\u2019s\u00a0<em>The Newer World<\/em>. Tennyson, a formerly enslaved man in post-civil war America, recounts his life story in ways that call to mind the age-old debate about whether it\u2019s better to get our history from novelists or historians. While historians might argue that there is no contest, the question hints knowingly at the novelist\u2019s counter-argument. It sent me searching for a line from Barry\u2019s 2008 Costa-award winning novel,\u00a0<em>The Secret Scripture<\/em>, in which the narrator describes history as &#8216;a fabulous arrangement of surmises and guesses held up as a banner against the assault of withering truth.&#8217;<\/p>\n<p class=\"dcr-1s160rg\">In her Reith Lectures, Hilary Mantel suggested that history is \u2018what\u2019s left in the sieve when the centuries have run through it,\u2019 but I tend to think of it as more of a butterfly net. Historians chase after and capture the things they deem significant. They leave things out, often deliberately. Barry\u2019s entire body of work is a prime example of fiction\u2019s ability to fill history\u2019s gaps, merging personal tragedies with national ones in ways that (dare I say) demonstrate the supremacy of the form\u2014especially for those of us descended from people for whom history never cared one whit.<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis passing of the storytelling baton\u2014an Irish refugee ceding the floor to a Native American woman, who then does the same in favour of a formerly enslaved man\u2014feels as urgently contemporary as the best historical fiction always does, relevant to \u2018the writer\u2019s now,\u2019 to borrow John Fowles\u2019s phrase. So too does the description of a postbellum Tennessee landscape in which the Confederates may have been defeated but their ideologies are still virulently alive: \u2018All their intent was to shove us back into the hog pen and put the hasp on tight as they could, against any further straying.\u2019<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe thing I like best about a Barry novel is how he gives a voice to the \u2018nothing people\u2019 of history. It\u2019s like pulling up a rocking chair on a shaded porch and listening as the narrator, usually in retrospective mode, attempts to reckon with what they did and what was done to them. It\u2019s an astonishing effect, especially when you consider the near-miracles Barry performs with language. In his hands it attains registers that can only be described as soaring; a vertiginous high wire of prose.<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPutting this kind of arresting language into the mouths of \u2018nothing people\u2019 makes it impossible to overlook them, as if only in fiction can they be given their due. And there is also a compelling point in using language from the poetic realm to reveal rather than cloak atrocities, its rhythms building to an unrelenting lyricism, a juggernaut that gains power precisely because it is not just set alongside brutality but entwined with it . . . I can think of no other writer who could, as Barry does, describe blood and chaos in language that reaches for such a high register, as if at the same time invoking paradise, in an attempt to answer that question. I can also think of few whose natural writerly empathy, evidenced by such an impressive body of work, pre-empts the otherwise inevitable discussion about cultural appropriation. Any writer has the right to imagine any point of view, but few truly earn it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u2013Sara Collins on Sebastian Barry\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/40\/9780593654613\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>The Newer World<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/books\/2026\/sep\/08\/the-newer-world-by-sebastian-barry-review-a-near-miracle-of-storytelling\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>The Guardian<\/em><\/a>)<\/p>\n<footer class=\"dcr-1s160rg\">\n<p class=\"dcr-1s160rg\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/40\/9781524748319\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-134758 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/10\/d815365bc5b282019ea3be5cad84b650-200x300.gif\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/10\/d815365bc5b282019ea3be5cad84b650-200x300.gif 200w, https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/10\/d815365bc5b282019ea3be5cad84b650-33x50.gif 33w, https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/10\/d815365bc5b282019ea3be5cad84b650.gif 432w\" alt=\"True Nature: The Pilgrimage of Peter Matthiessen Cover\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" data-attachment-id=\"134758\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bookmarks.reviews\/bookmark\/true-nature-the-pilgrimage-of-peter-matthiessen\/true-nature-the-pilgrimage-of-peter-matthiessen-cover\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/10\/d815365bc5b282019ea3be5cad84b650.gif\" data-orig-size=\"432,648\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"True Nature: The Pilgrimage of Peter Matthiessen Cover\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/10\/d815365bc5b282019ea3be5cad84b650.gif\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u201cMatthiessen was charismatic, fearless, selfish, and unfaithful in the extreme to those who loved him. He was not an exceptional novelist; he was too methodical, too controlled in his vision. Nor was he an obvious adept of the Buddhism he practiced half his life; he was too ambitious, too narcissistic. But he was incredibly focused, and grew to possess considerable spiritual discipline. Yet after he descended from his arduous and purifying trek into the Himalayas that gifted him with\u00a0<i>The Snow Leopard<\/i>, after his many moments of transport and enlightenment, in a squalid mountainside village he pissed on a chained dog that was barking at him, and his delight in the animal\u2019s useless rage gave him \u2018the greatest peace and satisfaction.\u2019 On the eve of returning home, after having wanted to \u2018go lightly into the light and silence of the Himalaya, without ambition of attainment,\u2019 he felt he had perversely emerged as something \u2018mutilated, murderous: I am in a fury of dark energies.\u2019<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen Matthiessen was thirty-one he wrote his great<i>\u00a0<\/i>threnody,\u00a0<i>Wildlife in America<\/i>. It was published in 1959, three years before Rachel Carson\u2019s\u00a0<i>Silent Spring<\/i>. Originally the book was to be titled\u00a0<i>Lost Americans<\/i>, and it was the encyclopedic account of our relationship with wildlife and the country\u2019s land and water\u2014a history of waste, greed, mismanagement, and slaughter. It was the most moving and possibly most influential of any book he wrote, though the Audubon Society, even then primly thwarting its own relevance, withheld endorsement because it did not show the organization \u201cin the proper light.\u201d\u00a0<i>Wildlife in America<\/i>\u00a0and\u00a0<i>Silent Spring<\/i>\u00a0were the two pillars of a golden age of conservation and environmentalism in the United States, an age long past with the degradation of the Environmental Protection Agency and the opening of the pristine wilderness of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to drilling and extraction.<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMy admiration for Lance Richardson\u2019s\u00a0<i>True Nature<\/i>\u00a0is deep. It\u2019s a classic of biographical art and arc that captures the antithetical aspects of its restless subject\u2019s actions and character while never losing sight of his literary achievements. My admiration for Matthiessen has wobbled a bit but is still essentially grateful. Yet he increasingly scorned his greatest attribute as a writer\u2014a keen attentiveness to the natural world. That he could not channel his consuming study of isolate mindfulness into the more generous articulations of the form he so revered\u2014the Novel\u2014had not occurred to him.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u2013Joy Williams on Lance Richardson\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/40\/9781524748319\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><strong>True Nature: The Pilgrimage of Peter Matthiessen<\/strong><\/em><\/a>\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nybooks.com\/articles\/2026\/09\/24\/a-fury-of-dark-energies-peter-matthiessen-true-nature\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>The New York Review of Books<\/em><\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-136842 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/44782eca7910cbb372efc07f64591cfd-197x300.gif\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 197px) 100vw, 197px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/44782eca7910cbb372efc07f64591cfd-197x300.gif 197w, https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/44782eca7910cbb372efc07f64591cfd-33x50.gif 33w, https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/44782eca7910cbb372efc07f64591cfd.gif 426w\" alt=\"The Disappearers Cover\" width=\"197\" height=\"300\" data-attachment-id=\"136842\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bookmarks.reviews\/bookmark\/the-disappearers\/the-disappearers-cover\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/44782eca7910cbb372efc07f64591cfd.gif\" data-orig-size=\"426,648\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"The Disappearers Cover\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/s26162.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/08\/44782eca7910cbb372efc07f64591cfd.gif\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u201cIn early copies of the novel sent out to reviewers, James writes that though not all of the events happened, all of them are true. This makes\u00a0<em>The Disappearers\u00a0<\/em>both a work of fiction and an act of critical fabulation, a term coined by Saidiya Hartman that describes the act of using narrative to \u2018reckon with the precarious lives which are visible only in the moment of their disappearance.\u2019 In her essay \u2018Venus In Two Acts,\u2019 she describes the process of using the archive of slave narratives to create a work where there is silence, lending humanity to people thought of as otherwise disposable. James undertakes a similar act.<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u201cJames resists catharsis, edging the reader until the very end. What comes then isn\u2019t relief or a release but a promise that these characters and their circumstances will remain sticky in your mind. It\u2019s very Toni Morrison of him, which is perhaps what James intended. The book takes cues from both<em>\u00a0Song of Solomon<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0<em>Sula<\/em>\u2014a revenge side plot in\u00a0<em>Song<\/em>\u00a0takes center stage and devolves in a Shakespearean fashion. Then there\u2019s\u00a0<em>Sula,\u00a0<\/em>whose ending James borrows, tweaking the circumstances but cribbing the emotional beats.<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>A rave in the New York\u00a0<em>Times<\/em>\u00a0review\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ph\/o\/r0GB1\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2026\/08\/30\/books\/review\/the-disappearers-marlon-james.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">called<\/a>\u00a0<em>The Disappearers<\/em>\u00a0a masterpiece and possibly the novel of the century. It is without question an excellent book, one that grapples deftly with the stakes of living a full life in a country that would prefer you dead and openly sanctions it, but I don\u2019t want to risk fetishizing it by solely situating it in the Western canon.\u00a0<em>The Disappearers\u00a0<\/em>is most exciting to me when I think of it as a provocation to Jamaican audiences\u2014both those of us living in the country and abroad. It asks us to consider our culture\u2019s capacity for violence and erasure, for seeing an entire population as undeserving of equal rights. As I write this, there are still buggery laws in Jamaica and very little protection for LGBTQ+ citizens. Strides have certainly been made, but we are a ways from widespread public acceptance. In a recent interview with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ph\/o\/r0GB1\/https:\/\/www.harpersbazaar.com\/culture\/art-books-music\/a73570370\/marlon-james-the-disappearers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Harper\u2019s Bazaar<\/em><\/a>, James commented on the country\u2019s evolution. \u2018Right now, in Jamaica, I\u2019m seeing gangsters in skintight jeans who only dance with each other, and I\u2019m old enough to remember when wearing that shit could have gotten you beaten to death. But notice that the person carrying the burden of that memory is me.\u2019 I like to think of\u00a0<em>The Disappearers\u00a0<\/em>as a sharp reminder to never forget.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u2013Tembe Denton-Hurst on Marlon James\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/40\/9780593717202\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>The Disappearers<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vulture.com\/article\/review-marlon-james-book-the-disappearers.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Vulture<\/em><\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/footer>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Our mixum-gatherum of magnificent reviews this week includes Emma Alpern on Emma Cline\u2019s\u00a0Switzy, T.M. Brown on Danny McBride\u2019s Thrilling Tales of Modern Men, Sara Collins on Sebastian Barry\u2019s\u00a0The Newer World, Joy Williams on Lance Richardson\u2019s\u00a0True Nature, and Tembe Denton-Hurst on<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":873,"featured_media":276811,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[43069,6,43070,43135],"tags":[15654,13821,110853,13738,45927,763,23633],"class_list":["post-276809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-craftandcriticism","category-features","category-literary-criticism","category-readinglists","tag-book-marks","tag-book-reviews","tag-danny-mcbride","tag-emma-cline","tag-lance-richardson","tag-marlon-james","tag-sebastian-barry"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5rKFr-1a0F","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Thrilling-Tales.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/873"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=276809"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276809\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/276811"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=276809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=276809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=276809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":276513,"date":"2026-09-10T05:08:08","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:08:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/?p=276513"},"modified":"2026-09-07T20:43:51","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T00:43:51","slug":"neither-bone-nor-stone-why-the-us-constitution-was-meant-to-be-amended","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/neither-bone-nor-stone-why-the-us-constitution-was-meant-to-be-amended\/","title":{"rendered":"Neither Bone Nor Stone: Why the US Constitution Was Meant to be Amended"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u201cThe people have an indubitable, unalienable, and indefeasible right to reform or change their government, whenever it be found adverse or inadequate to the purposes of its institution.\u201d<br \/>\n\u2013James Madison, failed First Amendment to the US Constitution introduced into Congress, 1789<br \/>\n*<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><em>We the People.<\/em> The Constitution of the United States is made of things that are born, live, thrive, decay, and die: insects, animals, plants, ideas. <em>In order to form a more perfect Union.<\/em> Each of its elements began, long ago, in the loamy earth, hatching and creeping or slipping, slick and squealing, from the womb of the mind. <em>Establish justice, insure domestic tranquility.<\/em> The text is written on parchment made from sheep, fleeced, their hides soaked in lime, stretched and dried. <em>Provide for the common defense.<\/em> The ink came from the buds of oak leaves, swollen to the size of musket balls by the eggs of wasps. <em>Promote the general welfare.<\/em> Its words were shaped by quills fashioned from the feathers of molting geese. <em>Secure the blessings of liberty.<\/em> Its lofty, momentous ideas came from the minds of men, long since dead, and from the books they read. <em>To ourselves and our posterity.<\/em> Of the nearly two hundred written constitutions, the Constitution of the United States\u2014\u00adthe most influential constitution in the world\u2014\u00adis also among the oldest, a relic, as brittle as bone, as hard as stone. <em>Do ordain and establish.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>But the U.S. Constitution is neither bone nor stone. It is an explosion of ideas. Parchment decays and ink fades, but ideas endure; they also change. The Constitution attempted to solve ancient problems having to do not only with the people and their rulers, the structure of government, and the nature of rights, but also with the knowability and endurance of law. Ingeniously, it accounted for the passage of time.<\/p>\n<p class=\"pullquote\">The U.S. Constitution is neither bone nor stone. It is an explosion of ideas. Parchment decays and ink fades, but ideas endure; they also change.<\/p>\n<p>The U.S. Constitution was intended to be amended. \u201cThe whole purpose of the Constitution,\u201d Supreme Court justice Antonin Scalia once said, \u201cis to prevent a future society from doing whatsoever it wants to do.\u201d\u200a This is not true. One of the Constitution\u2019s founding purposes was to prevent change. Another was to allow for change without violence. Amendment is so essential to the American constitutional tradition, so methodical and so entire a conception of endurance through adaptation, that it can best be described as a philosophy.<\/p>\n<p>This book, a history of the Constitution, argues that the philosophy of amendment is foundational to modern constitutionalism. Amendment is also a constitution\u2019s mechanism for the prevention of insurrection. This book aims to chronicle the origins of amendment, to identify the conditions under which amendment is possible, to examine why the practice of amendment has been abandoned, and to reckon with the question of whether the Constitution can endure without it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>A government of laws and not of men<br \/>\n<\/strong>Every ordered society is governed by a set of core rules, customs, and principles. This is true for every species that lives in a structured community: a pack of wolves or a pod of whales, a hive of honeybees or a colony of ants, a herd of deer or a flock of geese, a clan of elephants or a tribe of apes and even a forest of trees. Only humans devise constitutions. Devising constitutions, or fundamental laws, is so elemental to human society that the collective noun might be a constitution of humans.<\/p>\n<p>Since long before the keeping of records, humans erected governments, codified laws, anointed rulers, imposed or banned religious practices, federated or severed states, claimed territory, and established sovereignty. Once writing was invented, rulers of ancient human societies began recording laws, etching them into clay and stone in the hope that they would last, binding one generation to the next. The Sumerian Code of Ur-\u00adNammu, the oldest surviving written law, was carved into sunbaked clay tablets four thousand years ago. It declared that the king had \u201cbanished malediction, violence and strife\u201d from the land. Three hundred years later the Code of the Babylonian king Hammurabi was etched into an eight-\u00adfoot-\u00adtall slab of black stone, weighing four tons, declaring Hammurabi anointed by God \u201cto bring about the rule of righteousness in the land, to destroy the wicked and the evil-\u00addoers; so that the strong should not harm the weak.\u201d Sometime around 1300 BCE, Yahweh, the Hebrew god, issued ten commandments to the prophet Moses, according to the Book of Deuteronomy, \u201cand he wrote them in two tables of stone.\u201d Ancient Chinese written law dates to the Zhou Dynasty in the sixth century BCE, inked onto ji\u01cend\u00fa, strips of bamboo.<\/p>\n<p>Laws govern people; constitutions govern governments. Nearly all constitutions are assemblages, as an eighteenth-\u00adcentury English political philosopher once explained, gatherings together \u201cof institutions and customs, derived from certain fixed principles of reason, directed to certain fixed objects of publick good.\u201d The idea that the object of a constitution is the common good dates to antiquity. When Aristotle wrote <em>Politics<\/em> around 350 BCE, forming its letters by pressing a pen made of reed upon papyrus made from the soaked and woven pith of the stalks of a sedge that grew on the bank of a river, he divided constitutions into those \u201cwhich aim at the common advantage\u201d and \u201care correct and just\u201d and \u201cthose which aim only at the advantage of the rulers\u201d and \u201care deviant and unjust.\u201d\u200a Most were unjust.<\/p>\n<p>Many legal instruments combine the constituting of governments with the assigning of territory and the proclaiming of laws. Whether to call these records constitutions is debatable; some are more like treaties; others are more like criminal codes. The prophet Muhammad drew up the now-\u00adlost \u1e62a\u1e25\u012bfa in 622 CE, establishing a pact between certain Muslims and the Jews of Medina. Sometimes scholars translate the Arabic word s.ah.\u0131\u00affa as \u201cscripture,\u201d sometimes as \u201cconstitution.\u201d In 1215 CE, outside London, King John of England signed a parchment made of sheepskin known as the Magna Carta, the great charter, guaranteeing his noblemen \u201call the liberties written out below, to have and to keep for them and their heirs.\u201d Meant to last, it was almost immediately annulled, even though later generations of English politicians liked to call it England\u2019s \u201cancient constitution.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Other ancient constitutions have lasted longer. About 1450 CE, Dekanawidah, the Great Peacemaker, and delegates from the Five Nations of the Iroquois, or Haudenosaunee\u2014\u00adSeneca, Cayuga, Oneida, Onondaga, and Mohawk\u2014\u00adadopted an agreement known as the Gayanashagowa or Great Law of Peace and often referred to as a constitution, which they recorded on wampum, a light and dark pattern of shells strung together. It begins, \u201cI plant the Tree of Great Peace.\u201d\u200a It was meant to grow, root and branch.<\/p>\n<p class=\"pullquote\">Committing a constitution to writing offers stability&#8230;but it also presents a problem: how is a government established by a written constitution to be altered except by its destruction?<\/p>\n<p>The revolutionary idea that the ruled rather than the rulers decide the rules emerged only haltingly. In 1765 Catherine the Great, the Empress of Russia, began drafting the Nakaz, or constitution, to proclaim her sovereignty and guarantee her subjects liberty and equality. To consider it, she called for an assembly of 564 elected representatives\u2014\u00adelected by everyone, including women and peasants, with fifty-\u00adfour seats allotted for Muslims\u2014\u00adto meet in Moscow in 1767. The course of human events turned upside down in 1776\u2014\u00adthe ruled became their own rulers\u2014\u00adwhen the United States declared independence and stated what Thomas Jefferson described as self-\u00adevident truths: \u201cthat all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.\u2014\u00adThat to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,\u2014\u00adThat whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it.\u201d Four years later the people of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts ratified a new constitution, written by John Adams, whose aim, as Adams wrote, was to establish \u201ca government of laws and not of men.\u201d\u200a They wrote that constitution down, ink on parchment. It is still in force: it is the law. It also still exists, in a museum in Boston, sealed in a double-\u00adpaned bulletproof glass case filled with a mix of argon and helium gas to preserve it from the forces of decay: water and oxygen and sunlight.<\/p>\n<p>All written constitutions contain unwritten elements, as invisible as those glass-\u00adboxed gases. \u201cThe sacred rights of mankind are not to be rummaged for, among old parchments, or musty records,\u201d Alexander Hamilton advised seekers in 1775. \u201cThey are written, as with a sunbeam, in the whole volume of human nature.\u201d A written constitution\u2019s power comes not from the words themselves but from the life breathed into it, or what Montesquieu called \u201cthe spirit of laws,\u201d ethereal and even enchanted. James Madison warned that early state constitutions\u2014\u00adthe first was written in 1776\u2014\u00adoffered little more than \u201cparchment barriers\u201d to those who would seek to defy them. \u201cThe Constitution of a country is not the paper or parchment upon which the compact is written,\u201d John Quincy Adams agreed. \u201cIt is the system of fundamental laws, by which the people have consented to be governed, which is always supposed to be impressed upon the mind of every individual, and of which the written and printed copies are nothing more than the evidence.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>All the same, a written constitution is a different creature from an unwritten one. Committing a constitution to writing offers stability, a form of endurance akin to inheritance, but it also presents a problem: how is a government established by a written constitution to be altered except by its destruction?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Amend your ways<br \/>\n<\/strong>The U.S. Constitution drew from ancient ideas, but it was also something new and truly revolutionary, an eighteenth-\u00adcentury invention: a body of fundamental law drafted and ratified by representatives of an invented polity\u2014\u00ada constituency\u2014\u00adknown as the People, binding them to their government by an act of consent. It was meant to transcend ordinary law by establishing fundamental principles, structures, powers, and rights. Printed, copied, and circulated among an extraordinarily literate population, the Constitution executed a covenant and allowed, too, for the exertion of power over vast distances. The U.S. Constitution is not a list of commandments, like the Code of Hammurabi or the laws Moses found etched on tablets, engraved in stone, a monument. Nor is it a form of scripture.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike all of these, but very much like the Massachusetts Constitution of 1780, which has been amended more than a hundred times, it was meant to be revised, updated, and improved. The eighteenth century was an age not only of revolution and empire but also of enlightenment animated by the idea of progress\u2014\u00adpolitical, scientific, economic, technological, and moral. By far the most radical innovation of the U.S. Constitution, and of state constitutions, was the provision they made for their own repair and improvement by the people themselves, to the end it may be a government of laws and not of men.<\/p>\n<p>This mechanism for improvement is called amendment. In English, the verb amend goes back to about the twelfth century, when it meant to correct a fault; to repair an omission; to fix what\u2019s broken; or to improve in a moral sense: to make something better. The word shares a root, four of its five letters, and almost the entirety of its meaning, with the verb mend. (Both words came to Middle English by way of the Old French verb amender.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">_______________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"276514\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/neither-bone-nor-stone-why-the-us-constitution-was-meant-to-be-amended\/we-the-people-6\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/we-the-people.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"600,921\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"we the people\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/we-the-people.jpg\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-276514\" src=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/we-the-people-195x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"195\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/we-the-people-195x300.jpg 195w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/we-the-people-39x60.jpg 39w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/we-the-people-33x50.jpg 33w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/we-the-people.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 195px) 100vw, 195px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Excerpted from <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/132\/9781631496080\">We the People: A History of the U.S. Constitution<\/a> <em>by Jill Lepore<\/em><em>. Copyright \u00a9 2025 by Jill Lepore. Used with permission of the publisher, Liveright Publishing Corporation, a division of W. W. Norton &amp; Company, Inc. All rights reserved.<\/em> We the People <em>has been shortlisted for the 2026 Cundill History Prize.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cThe people have an indubitable, unalienable, and indefeasible right to reform or change their government, whenever it be found adverse or inadequate to the purposes of its institution.\u201d \u2013James Madison, failed First Amendment to the US Constitution introduced into Congress,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1564,"featured_media":276517,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6,43101,43092,43095],"tags":[111978,13038,60417,98280,13302,47173,24887,12598,105267],"class_list":["post-276513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-features","category-history","category-newsandculture","category-politics","tag-2026-cundill-history-prize","tag-american-history","tag-cundill-history-prize","tag-governance","tag-jill-lepore","tag-us-constitution","tag-us-government","tag-w-w-norton-and-company","tag-we-the-people-a-history-of-the-u-s-constitution","story-type-cundill-history-prize"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5rKFr-19VT","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/constitution.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276513","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1564"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=276513"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276513\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/276517"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=276513"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=276513"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=276513"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":276553,"date":"2026-09-10T05:07:53","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:07:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/?p=276553"},"modified":"2026-09-10T07:39:49","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T11:39:49","slug":"how-i-learned-to-love-my-dog-by-observing-his-behavior","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/how-i-learned-to-love-my-dog-by-observing-his-behavior\/","title":{"rendered":"How I Learned to Love My Dog By Observing His Behavior"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>It was Sunday, a week since Freddie had arrived. He and I had just gone for a walk in the park near my apartment, our second of the day. In the park, old people sat around tables playing mahjong, and children swarmed the playgrounds. Forty-five minutes later, when we got home, I sat down on the couch, my shoes still on. Freddie jumped up beside me and stood to put two feet on my shoulder, tail wagging, watching. He yawned, producing a breath cloud of warm stink.<\/p>\n<p>We\u2019d been together all weekend, usually no more than three feet apart. I didn\u2019t know what he wanted. I felt the weight of his expectancy in the air. I gave him one of his chewy treats, and he was occupied with that for a few minutes. Then he was back, wet nose on my cheek. It was only one PM, and I\u2019d reached the end of what I knew to do with him: walk him, make sure he eliminated, feed him, let him do the one play activity he\u2019d shown he could do. How did dogs spend their time?<\/p>\n<p>Normally, by this time on a Sunday, I would have opened my computer and become absorbed for several hours in something joyless and not very useful, such as opening emails and marking them as unread again. But today there was Freddie, snuffling in my ear and staring at me. I turned and made eye contact with him, and his tail started wagging. I grew more uneasy. I was accountable, not alone, and I needed to do something more.<\/p>\n<p class=\"pullquote\">I realized, almost nothing about him. About how and why he did the things he did, what created or extinguished his responses to the world around him.<\/p>\n<p>As a way of quelling the uncertainty, I went to my desk and found a notebook. On its cover I wrote \u201cFreddie Log\u201d in black pen and then on the first page began to list the events of the week. In doing so, I saw that I had done very little that didn\u2019t involve the dog. I\u2019d canceled plans, left events early, and skipped meals, appointments, work tasks, and other basic things that I couldn\u2019t do with the dog, like grocery shopping. I was shocked to see, too, that I had spent nearly five hundred dollars on supplies (toys, food, treats, beds, items at the pet store that promised to resolve the separation anxiety, like pheromone sprays, calming blankets, toys that emitted the sound of a heartbeat\u2014none of which had), all on my credit card, all without thinking about it or having planned to.<\/p>\n<p>I hadn\u2019t learned anything about how to manage his attention and energy. I knew, I realized, almost nothing about him. About how and why he did the things he did, what created or extinguished his responses to the world around him. I felt suddenly confronted by the fact that there was another being in my home, that he was dependent on me to understand him, and that my actions, and what I knew and understood, would determine his experience of life.<\/p>\n<p>*<\/p>\n<p>In Charles Darwin\u2019s <i>On the Origin of Species, <\/i>published in 1859, there\u2019s a chapter on what he called \u201cinstinct,\u201d or the \u201cnatural\u201d behavior of animals, which considers behavior as part of the theory of evolution, with its principles of heredity, fecundity, and variability. Before Darwin, much biological observation was done according to a taxonomy created by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus, which organized species according to the hierarchical order in which they had been created by God. Animal behavior wasn\u2019t really a formal subject of scientific inquiry at the time, but with Darwin, we learned to look at life as a series of natural processes subject to change rather than as arbitrarily granted and fixed forms. His writing opened a new set of possibilities for thinking about what animals <i>did, <\/i>and why.<\/p>\n<p>In Europe, in the early twentieth century, a field of science called ethology coalesced around the Darwinian idea of \u201cnatural\u201d behavior. Early ethologists worked by going to an animal\u2019s habitat, because that was where the animal and its behavior evolved. These observations would then be used to create an ethogram\u2014an inventory of typical behaviors performed by the animal, broken down into classifications: standing, foraging, digging, bathing, and so on. These units allowed for measurements like frequency and duration. Ethologists eschewed artificial settings like laboratories, and all the many hours of watching the animal in its natural habitat and creating detailed catalogs didn\u2019t necessarily culminate in what we think of as the more traditional pursuits of science, things like forming hypotheses and conducting experiments to test them. For early ethologists, pure observation and description were worthy on their own.<\/p>\n<p>When, later, I began reading the sometimes eccentric, sometimes outdated, and sometimes very sensitively prescient works of early European ethologists like Konrad Lorenz and Niko Tinbergen, I recognized the descriptive inventory-making approach as a way to demystify the world and detach it from Creationism from an unlikely source: <i>The Gate of Angels, <\/i>a novel by Penelope Fitzgerald set in 1912, around the same time that the early ethologists were working.<\/p>\n<p>The novel pretends to be a love story, but it\u2019s really a story about metaphysics, belief, and the limitations of both science and religion in explaining the things that happen in life. Early in the novel, Fred Fairly, one of the protagonists and a young physicist who holds a fellowship at Cambridge, is preparing to tell his father, a clergyman, that he is no longer a Christian. After a few years of training as a scientist, Fred is ready to dedicate his life to the study of nature and matter. He is done with the spiritual, and with the \u201ccomforting unseen presences\u201d of God. From now on, he plans to use only the handrail of material reality: Fred has become \u201ca man with a mind cleared and perpetually being recleared (because there was a constant need for that) of any idea that could not be tested through physical experience.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Religion and God depend on mystery, Fred wants his father to understand, and on keeping things unexplained. What\u2019s more useful in understanding the world is a straightforward accounting of it\u2014a kind of double-entry inventory of its characteristics.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou see the resemblances between things and the continuity of one idea from another, and gradually, through many lifetimes, everything becomes explained,\u201d Fred says.<\/p>\n<p>The true meaning of a thing, Fred insists, is nothing more than what we can see and detect; our job is not to obscure it or to assign it to another world, but just to give it an account. \u201cWhat is completely described,\u201d he observes, \u201cis completely explained.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"pullquote\">To be curious about something, to observe without goal or agenda, appeared to me as the possibility for a deep kind of understanding and a direct kind of love.<\/p>\n<p>Darwinian ideas, and the many scientific inquiries that came from them, including ethology, had to replace the idea of an all-causing God, and the idea that things existed just because. The radical implication was that something like behavior, something that can be described, <i>could <\/i>be explained. Ethologists differed from their predecessors, who often looked at animals as instruments of God, and therefore beyond true explanation, and also from many of their colleagues and successors, for whom animal behavior was seen as a conduit to the study of humans\u2014classical ethologists were interested in describing animal behavior for its own sake. To believe in natural and physical processes as things with internal and consistent logic means that, through description, we can arrive at an explanation of the thing in and of itself. To stare at something for hours on end was a basis for understanding.<\/p>\n<p>Konrad Lorenz wrote about behavior as a taxonomic character\u2014a diagnostic tool that reveals one\u2019s place in the world. In a standard ethogram, a cat\u2019s stalk and pounce is classified as \u201chunting\u201d when in the presence of prey, but as \u201cplay\u201d when performed by a juvenile with a conspecific\u2014the ethogram ascribes a purpose to the action, and reveals the way the cat conducts its life and interacts with others. As a taxonomic character, the relationship between behavior and other elements of life is made clear. An accurate description can illuminate other, interlocking parts of the world.<\/p>\n<p>When a male three-spined stickleback, a small, spiky seawater fish studied by Niko Tinbergen, leads a female to his nest by swimming in a zigzag pattern like a sort of courtship dance, she enters and spawns; the dance goes under \u201creproductive behavior,\u201d and we have given ourselves a way to look at it and think about it\u2014and to understand it. The setting, time of year, temperature and conditions of water, and circumstances of the nest are drawn into the definition of behavior. Through the ethogram, behavior is made part of a system organized by natural forces, which gives it meaning. It\u2019s through description that the nature of things is revealed.<\/p>\n<p>On that Sunday, as Freddie and I sat together in the living room, he watched me and I watched him back. He began making a low, plaintive sound in his throat. Suddenly, he stopped, turned his head to the window, and contracted the muscles at the base of his ears to make them stand up, listening. After three or four seconds, he looked away and started up the plaintive sound again.<\/p>\n<p>I did nothing, waiting\u2014I wasn\u2019t entirely sure what to do. But I did sense a new possibility as I held the notebook. Nothing he did was not of interest to me, because what I needed to do was to learn what he was. To be curious about something, to observe without goal or agenda, appeared to me as the possibility for a deep kind of understanding and a direct kind of love. If I watched and waited, open to what Freddie could show me, <i>something <\/i>would become clear.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">_______________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"276554\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/how-i-learned-to-love-my-dog-by-observing-his-behavior\/living-with-freddie\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/living-with-freddie.jpeg\" data-orig-size=\"298,450\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"living with freddie\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/living-with-freddie.jpeg\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-276554\" src=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/living-with-freddie-199x300.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"199\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/living-with-freddie-199x300.jpeg 199w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/living-with-freddie-40x60.jpeg 40w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/living-with-freddie-33x50.jpeg 33w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/living-with-freddie.jpeg 298w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 199px) 100vw, 199px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Excerpted from <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/132\/9780593449493\">Living with Freddie: How a Dog Taught Me to Be Human<\/a><em> by Anna Heyward. Copyright \u00a9 2026 by Anna Heyward. Available from Random House, a division of Penguin Random House, LLC. All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It was Sunday, a week since Freddie had arrived. He and I had just gone for a walk in the park near my apartment, our second of the day. In the park, old people sat around tables playing mahjong, and<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31926,"featured_media":276618,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[6,43103,43092,43444],"tags":[81823,19672,5742,7616,112131,16228,7609,10879],"class_list":["post-276553","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-features","category-memoir","category-newsandculture","category-science","tag-animal-behavior","tag-anna-heyward","tag-biology","tag-dogs","tag-living-with-freddie-how-a-dog-taught-me-to-be-human","tag-penguin-random-house","tag-pets","tag-random-house","story-type-on-our-pets"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5rKFr-19Wx","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/dogs.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276553","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/31926"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=276553"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276553\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/276618"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=276553"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=276553"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=276553"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":276518,"date":"2026-09-10T05:07:45","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T09:07:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/?p=276518"},"modified":"2026-09-07T20:38:21","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T00:38:21","slug":"beauty-in-ambiguity-on-marian-andersons-lifelong-love-for-schubert","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/beauty-in-ambiguity-on-marian-andersons-lifelong-love-for-schubert\/","title":{"rendered":"Beauty in Ambiguity: On Marian Anderson\u2019s Lifelong Love For Schubert"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>When you\u2019re young, or not so young, and strongly drawn to a genre of music, a certain composer, a particular piece, it\u2019s often hard to explain why, even to yourself. This may be especially true of music unfamiliar to you. Music works powerfully on a subliminal level. Sometimes we prefer to keep it that way and not try to account for how it speaks to us.<\/p>\n<p>So it was with Marian Anderson\u2019s lifelong love of Schubert\u2019s songs. She was never very clear about what gripped her, starting from the epiphany she had as a young teenager when she heard Roland Hayes sing Schubert songs in a recital at her church; though she understood not a word of the German texts, she was transfixed. Some fifteen years later, her determination to study Schubert lieder with expert teachers was in large part what impelled her to go to Europe.<\/p>\n<p>During the prime years of her career, while widely acknowledged as an exceptional Schubert singer with impeccable German diction, Anderson still avoided expounding on the music. When selecting songs for a recital program, she later explained, she always looked first to Schubert, \u201cthe composer I love best,\u201d who wrote \u201chundreds of them,\u201d each \u201cmore beautiful than the last.\u201d But she left it at that and seldom said more. Schubert\u2019s songs, she noted, \u201cwere rewarding for pianist and singer.\u201d How so?<\/p>\n<p>Beyond Schubert, Marian Anderson from early on was captivated by classical music altogether, which set her apart from family members with limited exposure to it. This was also true for me. Though I grew up in a comfortable Long Island suburb, nobody in my family had any real appreciation of classical music until I came along and discovered it on my own, especially after I started taking piano lessons at eight years old, not through my parents\u2019 suggestion, but at my own insistence. I had no idea what drew me. But it was immediate and powerful.<\/p>\n<p class=\"pullquote\">Anderson affirms something she demonstrated in practice throughout her career\u2014that no songs by Schubert or Brahms are more sublime and profound than Negro spirituals.<\/p>\n<p>During childhood days as a member of her church choir, Anderson was deeply affected by the music they sang, mostly familiar hymns and spirituals, but also, on occasion, classical choral works, including selections from Handel\u2019s <i>Messiah<\/i>, and a showpiece movement from Rossini\u2019s <i>Stabat Mater <\/i>for which Marian was sometimes tapped to sing the solo. Her response, like mine, seems to have been immediate and powerful.<\/p>\n<p>A centuries-long apparatus within the field has enveloped classical music in a mystique of superiority, presenting it as universal and timeless, the highest music, transcending nationality, race, and belief systems. And in later years, when Anderson tried to describe the genre to which she had devoted herself, which was not often, she could come off like someone who had bought into this mystique.<\/p>\n<p>During her first trips to Europe, it struck her that audiences there were more musically educated than those at home and took music \u201cmore seriously,\u201d she said in a 1945 interview. \u201cWhen one is serious by nature, one is moved by serious things,\u201d she explained; in a way \u201clight songs are a form of flattery\u201d that \u201cserve to put one in a pleasant frame of mind.\u201d But, Anderson noted, there had been a great change in the musical taste of American audiences during the last twenty years. \u201cThis was evident to anyone who sang for our boys in the Army or for the war workers in factories,\u201d she said. \u201cIt would have seemed perfectly natural had they demanded the lighter songs. Instead, it was not unusual to find them requesting Brahms and Schubert.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>We should not read too much into Anderson\u2019s characterization of certain songs as \u201clighter.\u201d She was thinking of very popular fare and songs that appealed to the \u201cbobbysoxer\u201d crowd, as she put it. Anderson came to know and admire Duke Ellington and found a friend in Alberta Hunter when they overlapped in London. She was no classical music snob. Still, she used some questionable terms during this interview. \u201cMany radio programs could provide music of a higher type and find more listeners,\u201d Anderson said, but \u201ctoo often those in charge feel that the programs must be brought \u2018down\u2019 rather than \u2018up\u2019 to the public.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>To be fair, in using words like \u201chigher\u201d and \u201cup\u201d she probably just meant that art songs and classical music might initially strike many listeners as more challenging and \u201cserious.\u201d Yet, if programming were directed \u201cup,\u201d the public would respond and come to love this music too. And, she added: \u201cI do not have to tell you that I dearly love the Negro spirituals. They are the unburdenings of the sorrows of an entire race which, finding scant happiness on earth, turns to the future for its joys.\u201d Once again with these words Anderson affirms something she demonstrated in practice throughout her career\u2014that no songs by Schubert or Brahms are more sublime and profound than Negro spirituals.<\/p>\n<p>I cannot imagine that Anderson experienced Schubert songs and other \u201chigher\u201d German lieder as superior or transcendent. More likely she was hooked by the subliminal stirrings and emotional undertow of the music. Somehow, beneath the surface of some cheerful Schubert song, anxiety and sadness seem to be churning. That dichotomy surely reflected, consciously or not on Schubert\u2019s part, the circumstances of his life and contradictions of his character.<\/p>\n<p>Short, bespectacled, a little chubby, and craving fellowship, Schubert was beloved by a circle of male friends who thought they had an unheralded genius in their midst. But he struggled with his career, harbored doubts and torments, and died miserably at thirty-one. Young Marian Anderson may have been responding to these tensions in the music. Rather than deterring her, the ambiguities made her want to hear and know more.<\/p>\n<p>Anderson had been steeped in musical ambiguity through the Negro spirituals she grew up with. Ambiguity, subtext, double meanings, and metaphor course through all of them. \u201cDeep River, Lord, I want to cross over into campground,\u201d Anderson sang when she made her very first studio recording, expressing a longing for and certainty that a \u201cgospel feast\u201d awaits in the \u201cpromised land\u201d where \u201call is peace.\u201d The aching reality of life for oppressed Black people is never explicitly referred to. But it was no gospel feast.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSometimes I Feel Like a Motherless Child,\u201d a spiritual Anderson sang throughout her life, has ambiguity written into the rising two-note motif that begins the melody, with the syllable \u201csome\u201d coming on the downbeat, and \u201ctimes\u201d slightly drawn out. In Anderson\u2019s 1951 recording, she emphasizes this crucial detail, singing \u201cSOME-times.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>This inflection suggests that there are times when she <i>doesn\u2019t <\/i>feel like a motherless child. Though, sadly, Anderson became a fatherless child, she had a mother who adored her. But any singer of this spiritual must metaphorically convey what it feels like to be motherless, rootless, unprotected, vulnerable. The teenage Anderson must have felt this way when she was peremptorily denied an application form to a music school in Philadelphia, or, many years later, when the Daughters of the American Revolution barred her from its stage in Washington, D.C., a Black artist who had performed before presidents and kings in world capitals.<\/p>\n<p>Looking back, similarly vague perceptions of ambiguity and pain were probably what captivated me about Schubert\u2019s songs when I was a teenager. I think it was the summer before my senior year in high school when, at the urging of my piano teacher, I bought a two-disc recording of Schubert\u2019s song cycle <i>Die sch\u00f6ne M\u00fcllerin <\/i>(The Beautiful Maid of the Mill), performed by the German baritone Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau and the English pianist Gerald Moore. At the time I was a burgeoning pianist who intended to major in music in college, so I was familiar with lots of classical repertory. But not this seminal Schubert work. Nor, really, with German lieder.<\/p>\n<p class=\"pullquote\">Was hearing Roland Hayes and, in time, other inspiring artists sing Schubert, Brahms, and Schumann songs like being beckoned by a musical brook to trust her instincts and follow its unlikely path?<\/p>\n<p>Of course, many classical pieces I loved at the time were rich with ambiguities, like Beethoven\u2019s searching, majestic, and sometimes impish Fourth Piano Concerto, and Stravinsky\u2019s austerely spiritual Symphony of Psalms. But that summer, listening to the recording of this Schubert song cycle alone in the finished basement of our home, I was utterly hooked and couldn\u2019t understand why. I had taken a year of badly taught high school German and, of course, the album included the German texts\u2014a set of twenty poems by Wilhelm M\u00fcller\u2014with English translations. So, I got the gist of the story the poems related, each one the first-person words and reflections of a restless young man, though crucial details are purposely vague.<\/p>\n<p>A journeyman miller is wandering the countryside looking to pick up work. He hears a gurgling brook, which seems to be beckoning him, and heads to it. Like some nature boy, he speaks to the brook, which directs him, or so he thinks, to a beguiling mill amid a forest grove, where he secures a job from the head miller. The young man promptly develops a crush on the miller\u2019s lovely daughter, though he fears she is beyond him, a mere journeyman. He begins to think that his feelings are reciprocated, which sends him into bursts of delirious joy. But his doubts linger, and he soon realizes that she is infatuated with a dashing hunter dressed in green, the very color of a ribbon he had given to the maiden. His fury devolves into despair and depression. In the last song, he asks his friendly brook to give him rest beneath its waters and sing a lullaby as he dies. Does he act on this? It\u2019s left unclear.<\/p>\n<p>Though I found the miller\u2019s sorry tale richly romantic, it was Schubert\u2019s music, and the way it melded with the words, that pulled me in, right from the seemingly high-spirited opening song, \u201cDas Wandern.\u201d \u201cTo wander is the miller\u2019s delight,\u201d the young man sings, adding that it\u2019s a poor miller who doesn\u2019t know the rewards of wandering. He likens himself to the brook, always on the move, day and night. This strophic song in five verses conveys the journeyman\u2019s joyfulness through a jaunty, tuneful vocal line over a steadily striding piano accompaniment. The music is bustling and hearty, though too much so. The heartiness verges on bluster. Does the miller really thrive on wandering? What\u2019s he wandering from?<\/p>\n<p>Sure enough, ambiguity permeates the second song, which is titled with a question: \u201cWohin?\u201d (Where To?) These subtle ambiguities are realized beautifully by Marian Anderson in a splendid 1945 recording of \u201cWohin?\u201d with the pianist Franz Rupp. <i>Die sch\u00f6ne M\u00fcllerin <\/i>was conceived for a male voice and the protagonist is a young man, so Anderson would not have contemplated performing the complete cycle. But two of its songs became staples of her repertory, especially this one.<\/p>\n<p>Though he doesn\u2019t know what overcame him, as the miller relates in \u201cWohin?,\u201d he heard a babbling brook and felt compelled to go to it. The piano part gurgles like the waters with a rippling right-hand figure in sextuplets. The vocal line is tender, yet insistent and questioning. Anderson draws upon the lighter, luminous components of her voice to suggest this young man\u2019s intrigued yet confused state. Her singing is melting and vulnerable yet charged with expectation. In crucial moments the music fleetingly becomes mysterious, even ominous, with minor-key harmonies and a twisting vocal turn doubled by the bass line of the piano part. Only in these passages does Anderson summon her deep, rich contralto tones, though just a touch\u2014at the moment when the miller confides his befuddlement to the brook and asks, \u201cIs this, then, my path?\u201d He wonders if it may not be babbling waters speaking to him, but river nymphs (or darker natural forces?) singing and dancing below the surface. Well, \u201clet them sing,\u201d he says, and he will follow cheerfully (\u201cfr\u00f6hlich nach\u201d), he claims. But he doesn\u2019t seem too cheerful in Anderson\u2019s account, as the piano part trails off while the vocal line lingers quizzically with a soft sustained tone on the word \u201cnach.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Though the recording was made during Anderson\u2019s mature prime, it\u2019s easy to imagine that this song spoke to the adolescent Marian. Was hearing Roland Hayes and, in time, other inspiring artists sing Schubert, Brahms, and Schumann songs like being beckoned by a musical brook to trust her instincts and follow its unlikely path?<\/p>\n<p>The other song from <i>Die sch\u00f6ne M\u00fcllerin <\/i>that Anderson made her own, the seventh from the cycle, was \u201cUngeduld\u201d (Impatience). Our protagonist has been crippled with doubts about the miller\u2019s daughter and prone to emotional highs and lows. But in this song he is riding an exuberant, manic high, burning with passion, convinced he has found the love of his life. He wants to carve the news upon every tree, sow it in every flower bed, whisper it in every field. The vocal line unfolds in breathless bursts of sputtered words and clipped melodic phrases, backed up by a piano part with unceasing rhythmic triplets and bouncing chords. Each of the four verses ends with a full-voiced declaration, \u201cDein ist mein Herz\u201d (\u201cMy heart is yours\u201d), with emphatic high notes on the word \u201cDein.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Yet it\u2019s clear, not just from the text but from Schubert\u2019s music, that the miller has yet to speak these words directly to his beloved. Instead, he calls upon intermediaries, like a starling he wants to train to sing his words at her window. Is he flushed with love or becoming delusional?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">_______________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"276519\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/beauty-in-ambiguity-on-marian-andersons-lifelong-love-for-schubert\/9780593652671-m\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/9780593652671.m.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"619,941\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"9780593652671.m\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/9780593652671.m.jpg\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-276519\" src=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/9780593652671.m-197x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"197\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/9780593652671.m-197x300.jpg 197w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/9780593652671.m-39x60.jpg 39w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/9780593652671.m-33x50.jpg 33w, https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/9780593652671.m.jpg 619w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 197px) 100vw, 197px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>From<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/bookshop.org\/a\/132\/9780593652671\">Voice of a Century: The Life and Artistry of Marian Anderson<\/a> <em>by Anthony Tommasini. Published by Penguin Press, an imprint of Penguin Random House LLC. Copyright \u00a9 2026 by Anthony Tommasini.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When you\u2019re young, or not so young, and strongly drawn to a genre of music, a certain composer, a particular piece, it\u2019s often hard to explain why, even to yourself. This may be especially true of music unfamiliar to you.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31920,"featured_media":276729,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[43102,6,43094,43092],"tags":[112121,21996,51574,12810,11682,2408,39238,16228,5336,112120],"class_list":["post-276518","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biography","category-features","category-music","category-newsandculture","tag-anthony-tommasini","tag-classical-music","tag-marian-anderson","tag-music-criticism","tag-musicians","tag-penguin-press","tag-penguin-publishing-group","tag-penguin-random-house","tag-schubert","tag-voice-of-a-century-the-life-and-artistry-of-marian-anderson","story-type-music-criticism"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5rKFr-19VY","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/marian-anderson.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/31920"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=276518"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/276518\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/276729"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=276518"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=276518"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lithub.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=276518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}]